Ramos Leal Gabriela, Santos Monteiro Clara Ana, Souza-Fabjan Joanna Maria Gonçalves, de Paula Vasconcelos Carlos Otávio, Garcia Nogueira Luiz Altamiro, Reis Ferreira Ana Maria, Varella Serapião Raquel
Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, 24230-340, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária - Rua Vital Brazil Filho, 64, 24230-340, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Anim Reprod Sci. 2018 Dec;199:1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.11.002. Epub 2018 Nov 10.
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is an important molecule in signal transduction within the cell, functioning as a second cell messenger of gonadotrophin stimulation. The concentration of cAMP in cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) is known to be controlled through modulation of its synthesis by adenylyl cyclase (AC) and by degradation through the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes. One of the main obstacles for in vitro embryo production is the optimization of reproduction processes that occur in oocyte maturation. The function of cAMP is important in maintaining meiotic arrest in mammalian oocytes. When the oocyte is physically removed from the antral follicle for in vitro maturation (IVM), intra-oocyte cAMP concentrations decrease and spontaneous meiotic resumption begins, due to the depletion of inhibitory factors from the follicle. In many studies, relatively greater cAMP concentrations before IVM has been reported to improve oocyte competence, leading to subsequent benefits in embryonic development in different species. There, therefore, has been an increase in oocyte cAMP concentrations with several treatments and different approaches, such as invasive AC, stimulators of AC activity, PDE inhibitors, and cAMP analogs. The aim of this review is to comprehensively evaluate and provide data related to (i) the use of cAMP modulators during IVM and the effects on completion of meiosis and cytoplasmic reorganization, which are required for development of oocytes with the capacity to contribute to fertilization and subsequent embryonic development; and (ii) the main cAMP modulators and the effects when used in oocyte IVM.
环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）是细胞内信号转导中的重要分子，作为促性腺激素刺激的第二信使发挥作用。已知卵丘-卵母细胞复合体（COC）中cAMP的浓度通过腺苷酸环化酶（AC）对其合成的调节以及通过环核苷酸磷酸二酯酶（PDE）的降解来控制。体外胚胎生产的主要障碍之一是优化卵母细胞成熟过程中发生的生殖过程。cAMP的功能在维持哺乳动物卵母细胞减数分裂阻滞方面很重要。当将卵母细胞从卵泡腔中取出进行体外成熟（IVM）时，由于卵泡中抑制因子的耗尽，卵母细胞内cAMP浓度会降低，自发减数分裂恢复开始。在许多研究中，据报道IVM前相对较高的cAMP浓度可提高卵母细胞的质量，从而在不同物种的胚胎发育中带来后续益处。因此，通过几种处理和不同方法，如侵入性AC、AC活性刺激剂、PDE抑制剂和cAMP类似物，卵母细胞cAMP浓度有所增加。本综述的目的是全面评估并提供与以下方面相关的数据：（i）IVM期间cAMP调节剂的使用及其对减数分裂完成和细胞质重组的影响，而减数分裂完成和细胞质重组是具有受精和后续胚胎发育能力的卵母细胞发育所必需的；（ii）主要的cAMP调节剂及其在卵母细胞IVM中的使用效果。
