Chen Che Hsiu, Chen Yung Sheng, Wang Yi Tse, Tseng Wei Chin, Ye Xin
Department of Sport Performance, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Sports Training, University of Taipei, Taipei 11153, Taiwan.
Biol Sport. 2018 Sep;35(3):269-275. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2018.77827. Epub 2018 Aug 27.
To examine whether adding preconditioning hamstring resistance exercises to a regular warm-up prior to a repeated sprinting exercise provides protection against the sprinting-induced muscle damage. Ten female soccer players (mean ± SD age: 21.3 ± 4.5yrs; height: 171.34 ± 8.29 cm; weight: 68.53 ± 11.27 kg) participated in this study. After the familiarization visit, the subjects completed three separate randomly sequenced experimental visits, during which three different warm-up interventions were performed before the muscle-damaging protocol (12 sets of 30-m maximal repeated sprints): 1. Regular running and static stretching (Control); 2. Control with hyperextensions (HE); 3. Control with single leg Romanian deadlift (SLRD). Before (Pre), immediately (Post0), 24 hours (24hr), and 48 hours after (48hr) the sprints, hamstring muscle thickness, muscle stiffness, knee flexion eccentric peak torque, knee extension concentric peak torque, and functional hamstring to quadriceps ratios were measured. Repeated sprints have induced muscle damage (e.g., an average of 42% knee flexion eccentric strength reduction) in all three conditions. After the SLRD, hamstring muscle thickness decreased from 24hr to 48hr (p < 0.001). Additionally, muscle stiffness and eccentric strength for the SLRD showed no difference from baseline at 24hr and 48hr, respectively. When compared with the SLRD at 48hr, the muscle stiffness and the eccentric strength were greater and lower, respectively, in other protocols. The SLRD protocol had protective effect on sprinting-induced muscle damage markers than other protocols. Athletes whose competitions/training are densely scheduled may take advantage of this strategy to facilitate muscle recovery.
为了研究在重复冲刺运动前，在常规热身中加入预适应腘绳肌抗阻训练是否能预防冲刺运动引起的肌肉损伤。十名女性足球运动员（平均±标准差年龄：21.3±4.5岁；身高：171.34±8.29厘米；体重：68.53±11.27千克）参与了本研究。在熟悉阶段之后，受试者完成了三次单独的、随机排序的实验性访问，在此期间，在肌肉损伤方案（12组30米最大重复冲刺）之前进行了三种不同的热身干预：1. 常规跑步和静态拉伸（对照组）；2. 对照组加过伸训练（HE）；3. 对照组加单腿罗马尼亚硬拉（SLRD）。在冲刺前（Pre）、冲刺后即刻（Post0）、24小时（24hr）和48小时后（48hr），测量腘绳肌厚度、肌肉僵硬度、膝关节屈曲离心峰值扭矩、膝关节伸展向心峰值扭矩以及功能性腘绳肌与股四头肌比率。在所有三种情况下，重复冲刺均导致了肌肉损伤（例如，膝关节屈曲离心力量平均降低42%）。在SLRD后，腘绳肌厚度从24小时到48小时有所下降（p<0.001）。此外，SLRD的肌肉僵硬度和离心力量在24小时和48小时时分别与基线无差异。与48小时时的SLRD相比，其他方案中的肌肉僵硬度和离心力量分别更高和更低。与其他方案相比，SLRD方案对冲刺运动引起的肌肉损伤标志物具有保护作用。比赛/训练安排密集的运动员可以利用这一策略来促进肌肉恢复。
