Wang N, Wu J L, Zhang Y, Lin S Q, Qiao R Y, Fan R J, Pei L J
Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2018 Oct 10;39(10):1324-1328. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2018.10.007.
To explore the association between the consumption of chemical fertilizers and the risk of low birth weight (LBW), to provide references for prevention programs on LBW and to improve the birth outcomes. Stratified multivariate logistic regression method was used in this study involving 153 preterm LBW infants, 179 term LBW infants and 204 normal control infants that were randomly selected from the birth monitoring data between October 2007 and September 2012 in Pingding county, Shanxi province. Associations between the risk of LBW and maternal exposure to chemical fertilizers during pregnancy were identified. A normal control group was set up to compare results between preterm and term LBW groups. Totally, 18 749 infants were born between 2007 and 2012, with the total incidence rates of LBW as 48.5‰, preterm LBW as 19.4‰, and term LBW as 29.1‰. Concerning the case control study on preterm LBW, after adjustment for confounding factors, the risk of preterm LBW appeared 2.51 (95: 1.05-5.99) times higher in villages with annual consumption of chemical fertilizer ≥100 tons than those villages that using chemical fertilizer less than 50 tons. No significant statistical associations were found between the amounts of household chemical fertilizer consumption and the risks of preterm LBW. Regarding the case control study on term LBW, after adjustment for confounding factors, in villages with ≥100 tons annual consumption of chemical fertilizers, the risk of term LBW was 4.03 (95: 1.63-9.92) times of the risk in villages where the annal use of chemical fertilizers was less than 50 tons. There was no significant association between household consumption of chemical fertilizers and the risk of term LBW. Maternal exposure to chemical fertilizers during pregnancy was associated with the risk of LBW. Our findings suggested that the amount of chemical fertilizer consumption in rural areas seemed also associated with the risks of other adverse pregnancy outcomes. Women should avoid the chance of exposure to chemical fertilizers during pregnancy and the consumption of chemical fertilizers should be carefully managed.
为探讨化肥使用量与低出生体重（LBW）风险之间的关联，为低出生体重预防方案提供参考并改善出生结局。本研究采用分层多因素logistic回归方法，选取了2007年10月至2012年9月山西省平定县出生监测数据中的153例早产低出生体重儿、179例足月低出生体重儿和204例正常对照婴儿。确定了低出生体重风险与孕期母亲接触化肥之间的关联。设立正常对照组以比较早产和足月低出生体重组的结果。2007年至2012年期间共出生18749例婴儿，低出生体重总发生率为48.5‰，早产低出生体重发生率为19.4‰，足月低出生体重发生率为29.1‰。关于早产低出生体重的病例对照研究，在调整混杂因素后，年化肥使用量≥100吨的村庄早产低出生体重风险比使用化肥量小于50吨的村庄高2.51倍（95%CI：1.05 - 5.99）。家庭化肥使用量与早产低出生体重风险之间未发现显著的统计学关联。关于足月低出生体重的病例对照研究，调整混杂因素后，年化肥使用量≥100吨的村庄足月低出生体重风险是年化肥使用量小于50吨村庄的4.03倍（95%CI：1.63 - 9.92）。家庭化肥使用量与足月低出生体重风险之间无显著关联。孕期母亲接触化肥与低出生体重风险有关。我们的研究结果表明，农村地区化肥使用量似乎也与其他不良妊娠结局风险有关。女性在孕期应避免接触化肥，并且应谨慎管理化肥的使用。
