Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Waste Manag. 2018 Oct;80:435-449. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.09.005. Epub 2018 Oct 3.
Recycling waste cooking vegetable oils by reclaiming and using these oils as biodiesel feedstocks is one of the promising solutions to address global energy demands. However, producing these biodiesels poses a significant challenge because of their poor physicochemical properties due the high free fatty acid content and impurities present in the feedstock, which will reduce the biodiesel yields. Hence, this study implemented the following strategy in order to address this issue: (1) 70 vol% of waste cooking vegetable oil blended with 30 vol% of Calophyllum inophyllum oil named as WC70CI30 used to alter its properties, (2) a three-stage process (degumming, esterification, and transesterification) was conducted which reduces the free fatty acid content and presence of impurities, and (3) the transesterification process parameters (methanol/oil ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst concentration) were optimized using response surface methodology in order to increase the biodiesel conversion yield. The results show that the WC70CI30 biodiesel has favourable physicochemical properties, good cold flow properties, and high oxidation stability (22.4 h), which fulfil the fuel specifications stated in the ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. It found that the WC70CI30 biodiesel has great potential as a diesel substitute without the need for antioxidants and pour point depressants.
回收利用废弃食用油，将其作为生物柴油原料进行再利用，是解决全球能源需求的一个有前途的方案。然而，由于原料中的游离脂肪酸含量高和杂质多，导致其物理化学性质较差，从而降低了生物柴油的产率，因此生产这些生物柴油面临着重大挑战。因此，本研究实施了以下策略来解决这个问题：（1）将 70%体积分数的废弃食用油与 30%体积分数的桐油混合，命名为 WC70CI30，以改变其性质；（2）采用三阶段工艺（脱胶、酯化和酯交换），降低游离脂肪酸含量和杂质的存在；（3）通过响应面法优化酯交换工艺参数（甲醇/油比、反应温度、反应时间和催化剂浓度），以提高生物柴油的转化率。结果表明，WC70CI30 生物柴油具有良好的物理化学性质、良好的低温流动性能和较高的氧化稳定性（22.4 小时），符合 ASTM D6751 和 EN 14214 标准中规定的燃料规格。研究发现，WC70CI30 生物柴油作为柴油替代品具有很大的潜力，无需添加抗氧化剂和降凝剂。
