Goldberg Rachel E
University of California Irvine.
J Marriage Fam. 2018 Oct;80(5):1225-1243. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12506. Epub 2018 Jun 19.
Although US rates of early fertility have declined, they remain high relative to other high-income countries, and disparities by population group persist. The share of the US youth population with immigrant parents has expanded greatly, yet relatively little is known about generational variations in early fertility. This study used Add Health data to investigate: (1) differences by generational status in the risk of early childbearing; (2) to what extent observed differences reflected timing of sexual onset versus post-onset proximate determinants like contraceptive use; and (3) the influence of individual-, family-, and neighborhood-level social factors. Foreign-born and second-generation young women initiated both sexual activity and childbearing later than those with US-born parents. Sequential hazard models revealed the importance of later sexual onset in explaining delayed fertility among the foreign-born, and of family attributes for their later sexual onset. Post-onset behaviors were central to the delayed childbearing observed among the second generation.
尽管美国早育率有所下降，但与其他高收入国家相比仍居高不下，且不同人群之间的差距依然存在。美国有移民父母的青年人口比例大幅增加，但对于早育的代际差异了解相对较少。本研究利用“青少年健康纵向研究”（Add Health）数据进行调查：（1）不同代际状况在早育风险方面的差异；（2）观察到的差异在多大程度上反映了性开始时间与性开始后诸如避孕措施使用等直接决定因素；以及（3）个人、家庭和邻里层面社会因素的影响。外国出生的年轻女性和第二代年轻女性开始性活动和生育的时间都比有美国出生父母的女性晚。序列风险模型揭示了性开始较晚对于解释外国出生女性生育延迟的重要性，以及家庭特征对她们性开始较晚的影响。性开始后的行为对于第二代中观察到的生育延迟至关重要。
