'Torre Flavia' LTER (Long Term Ecological Research) Station, Protected Areas - Regional Parks Service, Città Metropolitana di Roma Capitale, via Tiburtina, 691, 00159, Rome, Italy.
Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli studi Roma Tre, viale Marconi, 446, 00146, Rome, Italy.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Jan;26(1):1000-1007. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3753-9. Epub 2018 Nov 19.
We reported first data on the densities and chemical composition of fishing lines and fish hooks deposited on a Mediterranean beach. On a sampling area of 1.5 ha, we removed a total of 185,028 cm of fishing lines (density 12.34 cm/m) and 33 hooks (density 22 units/ha). Totally, 637.62 g (42.5 mg/m) of fishing lines were collected. We sampled 120 items entangled belongings to 7 animal taxa (density 6.49 items/100 m of fishing lines). We also observed a not quantifiable number of egagropiles (Posidonia oceanica spheroids), Rhodophyceae (Halymenia sp.) and segments of reeds of Phragmites communis, trapped in the fishing lines. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used in order to identify the chemical composition of the fishing lines: 92% was made of nylon while 8.0% was determined as fluorocarbon based polymers (polyvinylidene fluoride). Because of their subtlety and reduced size, sandy beach cleaning operations should include at least two consecutive removal samplings: indeed, a part of this litter (12.14%) is not removed in the first sampling. The unexpected high density of fishing lines suggests specific management actions aimed to periodically remove this neglected anthropogenic litter.
我们首次报告了沉积在一个地中海海滩上的钓鱼线和鱼钩的密度和化学成分数据。在 1.5 公顷的采样区域内，我们总共清除了 185028 厘米的钓鱼线（密度为 12.34 厘米/米）和 33 个鱼钩（密度为 22 个/公顷）。总共收集了 637.62 克（42.5 毫克/米）的钓鱼线。我们对 7 种动物类群的 120 个缠绕物进行了采样（密度为每 100 米钓鱼线 6.49 个）。我们还观察到了大量无法量化的海草垫（波西多尼亚海草球）、红藻（Halymenia sp.）和芦苇节 Phragmites communis 被困在钓鱼线中。傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱用于鉴定钓鱼线的化学组成：92%由尼龙制成，8.0%确定为含氟聚合物（聚偏二氟乙烯）。由于其细微和尺寸较小，沙滩清洁作业应至少包括两次连续的清除采样：事实上，这种垃圾（12.14%）中的一部分在第一次采样中没有被清除。钓鱼线的高密度表明需要采取具体的管理措施，定期清除这种被忽视的人为垃圾。
