Dugas M, Le Heuzey M F
Hôpital Herold, Paris.
Psychiatr Enfant. 1988;31(1):5-47.
Thanks to a system of classification acceptable to a majority of child psychiatrists, recording mental problems has been a necessity since the 1960's. The two main classifications currently being used are that of the World Health Organization (CIM-9) and that of the American Association of Psychiatry (DSM-III), both of which categorize, with categories proper to children. There are also classifications dealing with dimensions which show child psychopathology better to psychologists. A system of French classification is being studied. The merits of a good classification are well set out. No existing system of classification has them completely. The CIM-9 and DSM-III are being fine-tuned. Whichever system used, date gathering on a particular patient must be rigorous. Studies carried out in Great Britain and the United States have led to the formulation of semi-structured interviews, an evaluation scale and questionnaires that now cover most child and adolescent psychiatry.
得益于一个大多数儿童精神科医生都认可的分类系统，自20世纪60年代以来，记录心理问题就成为了一项必要工作。目前使用的两个主要分类系统是世界卫生组织的（《国际疾病分类》第九版，即CIM-9）和美国精神病学协会的（《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版，即DSM-III），这两个系统都有适用于儿童的类别划分。还有一些分类涉及维度，能让心理学家更好地了解儿童精神病理学。一个法国分类系统正在研究中。良好分类的优点已得到充分阐述。现有的分类系统都没有完全具备这些优点。CIM-9和DSM-III正在进行微调。无论使用哪种系统，针对特定患者的数据收集都必须严谨。在英国和美国开展的研究已促成了半结构化访谈、评估量表和问卷的制定，这些工具目前涵盖了大多数儿童和青少年精神病学领域。
