Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China.
Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2018 Nov 8;61(11):2796-2803. doi: 10.1044/2018_JSLHR-L-17-0344.
This study aimed to investigate the time course of meaning activation of the 2nd morpheme processing of compound words during Chinese spoken word recognition using eye tracking technique with the printed-word paradigm.
In the printed-word paradigm, participants were instructed to listen to a spoken target word (e.g., "", /da4fang1/, generous) while presented with a visual display composed of 3 words: a morphemic competitor (e.g., "", /yuan2xing2/, circle), which was semantically related to the 2nd morpheme (e.g., "", /fang1/, square) of the spoken target word; a whole-word competitor (e.g., "", /lin4se4/, stingy), which was semantically related to the spoken target word at the whole-word level; and a distractor, which was semantically related to neither the morpheme or the whole target word. Participants were asked to respond whether the spoken target word was on the visual display or not, and their eye movements were recorded.
The logit mixed-model analysis showed both the morphemic competitor and the whole-word competitor effects. Both the morphemic and whole-word competitors attracted more fixations than the distractor. More importantly, the 2nd-morphemic competitor effect occurred at a relatively later time window (i.e., 1000-1500 ms) compared with the whole-word competitor effect (i.e., 200-1000 ms).
Findings in this study suggest that semantic information of both the 2nd morpheme and the whole word of a compound was activated in spoken word recognition and that the meaning activation of the 2nd morpheme followed the activation of the whole word.
本研究旨在使用眼动追踪技术和印刷字范式，研究汉语口语词汇识别中第二字素加工的意义激活的时间进程。
在印刷字范式中，要求参与者在听到目标词（如“大方”，/da4fang1/）的同时，注视由 3 个词组成的视觉显示：一个字素竞争者（如“圆形”，/yuan2xing2/），与目标词的第二字素（如“方”，/fang1/）在语义上相关；一个整词竞争者（如“吝啬”，/lin4se4/），与目标词在整词水平上在语义上相关；和一个分心词，与字素或整个目标词都没有语义关系。要求参与者回答目标词是否在视觉显示上，同时记录他们的眼动。
对数混合模型分析显示了字素竞争者和整词竞争者的效应。字素竞争者和整词竞争者都比分心词吸引了更多的注视。更重要的是，与整词竞争者效应（即 200-1000ms）相比，第二字素竞争者效应出现在相对较晚的时间窗口（即 1000-1500ms）。
本研究的结果表明，在口语词汇识别中，复合词的第二字素和整个词的语义信息都被激活，并且第二字素的意义激活遵循整个词的激活。
