Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
Periodontology & Public health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
BMC Oral Health. 2018 Nov 20;18(1):189. doi: 10.1186/s12903-018-0659-3.
There is no consensus opinion regarding the association between obesity and periodontal diseases among children and adolescents in the literature.
A prospective observational cohort study was conducted in a Hong Kong cohort at age 12, 15 and 18. CPI and various obesity indices including BMI, WC, WHR, WHtR, and TRSKF were recorded during each wave of data collection. Information on socioeconomic status and oral health behaviors were collected through self-completed questionnaires.
Two hundred and eighty-two (male: 122 and female: 160) participants completed all three rounds of data collection. Prevalence of overweight/obesity was 27.0, 19.1, and 14.2% at 12, 15, and 18 years, respectively. 19.9% participants had healthy periodontal conditions at age 12. While the percentage dropped to 10.3% at 15 years and 5.7% at 18 years. The proportion of 15-year-old adolescents who brushed teeth more than twice a day was significantly higher among participants belonging to the lower BMI, WC, WHR, and WHtR category (P < 0.05). The fully adjusted model revealed that participants with lower BMI at age 15 had higher probability of having more than 50% index teeth free from periodontal diseases at age 18 (OR: 2.78; 95% CI: 1.16, 6.64; P = 0.022).
Although higher BMI at 15 years was associated with more extensive periodontal inflammation at age 18, this was believed to be an indirect association confounded by the poor oral health care among overweight/obese individuals. Oral health promotions should be directed to improve periodontal conditions of overweight/obese secondary school students.
关于肥胖与儿童和青少年牙周病之间的关系，文献中尚无共识意见。
对香港队列中的儿童在 12、15 和 18 岁时进行了前瞻性观察队列研究。在每轮数据收集期间，记录 CPI 和各种肥胖指数，包括 BMI、WC、WHR、WHtR 和 TRSKF。通过自填问卷收集社会经济地位和口腔健康行为信息。
共有 282 名（男性 122 名，女性 160 名）参与者完成了所有三轮数据收集。12、15 和 18 岁时超重/肥胖的患病率分别为 27.0%、19.1%和 14.2%。12 岁时，19.9%的参与者牙周状况健康。然而，这一比例在 15 岁时降至 10.3%，在 18 岁时降至 5.7%。在 15 岁的青少年中，每天刷牙两次以上的比例在 BMI、WC、WHR 和 WHtR 较低的参与者中明显更高（P<0.05）。完全调整后的模型显示，15 岁时 BMI 较低的参与者在 18 岁时患有牙周病的牙齿比例超过 50%的可能性更高（OR：2.78；95%CI：1.16，6.64；P=0.022）。
尽管 15 岁时 BMI 较高与 18 岁时更广泛的牙周炎症有关，但这被认为是一种间接关联，是由超重/肥胖个体口腔卫生保健不良引起的混杂因素。口腔健康促进应针对改善超重/肥胖中学生的牙周状况。
