Shirasaka Tomohiro, Tateno Masaru, Tayama Masaya, Tsuneta Miyuki, Kimura Hisakazu, Saito Toshikazu
Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai Zasshi. 2016 Oct;51(5):275-282.
The Internet was originally designed to facilitate communication and research activities.'However, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of the Internet in recent years for commerce, education, and entertainment, including video games. Internet addiction as.a phenomena has been described by researchers as excessive or compulsive use of computers that interferes with daily life. Hikikomori (social withdrawal) -has increasingly become a problem in Japan and has been hypothesized to be ,related to internet, addiction. Particularly amongst students, problematic internet use may be a major factor of social withdrawal. We conducted a survey of internet addiction. and social- withdrawal among college students and corhpany workers to examine this hypothesis.
Subjects were 63 university students and 56 company workers. To examine the relationship between internet addiction and social withdrawal, we administered the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS), a measure of social isolation, to all subjects.
Students tended to score higher than workers on the IAT (Student u = 36.3, Worker u = 31.1, p<0.05). For students considered addictive internet users, we found a significant correlation between the ULS and the IAT (r=0.549,. p<0.05); suggesting that social isolation and internet addiction are associated with each other. Workers tended to score higher on the ULS than students (Worker p =40.4, Student u =37.5, p<0.05). For workers .who were not addictive internet users, we found a'mild, negative correlation between the ULS and the IAT (r=- 0.285, p<0.05), suggesting that use of the internet for workers was not a compensatory behavior.
Based upon the IAT, we found that more students than workers reported problems with internet use. Based upon.the ULS, more workers reported feelings of loneliness than students. Workers' loneliness did not appear to be related to their use of the internet, but amongst students with internet addiction, loneliness appeared to be associated with internet use.
互联网最初是为促进通信和研究活动而设计的。然而，近年来互联网在商业、教育和娱乐（包括电子游戏）方面的使用急剧增加。研究人员将网络成瘾描述为一种过度或强迫性使用计算机并干扰日常生活的现象。“隐蔽青年”（社会退缩）在日本日益成为一个问题，据推测与网络成瘾有关。特别是在学生中，有问题的网络使用可能是社会退缩的一个主要因素。我们对大学生和公司员工进行了一项关于网络成瘾和社会退缩的调查，以检验这一假设。
受试者包括63名大学生和56名公司员工。为了研究网络成瘾与社会退缩之间的关系，我们对所有受试者进行了网络成瘾测试（IAT）和加州大学洛杉矶分校孤独量表（ULS，一种社会孤立的测量方法）。
学生在IAT上的得分往往高于员工（学生u = 36.3，员工u = 31.1，p<0.05）。对于被认为是网络成瘾用户的学生，我们发现ULS和IAT之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.549，p<0.05）；这表明社会孤立和网络成瘾相互关联。员工在ULS上的得分往往高于学生（员工p = 40.4，学生u = 37.5，p<0.05）。对于非网络成瘾用户的员工，我们发现ULS和IAT之间存在轻微的负相关（r = - 0.285，p<0.05），这表明互联网对员工来说不是一种补偿行为。
基于IAT，我们发现报告有网络使用问题的学生比员工多。基于ULS，报告有孤独感的员工比学生多。员工的孤独感似乎与他们使用互联网无关，但在网络成瘾的学生中，孤独感似乎与网络使用有关。
