Trauma: a systematic approach to management.

Initial care of the trauma victim begins at the scene of the accident, where the "load and go" principle is applied. A systematic approach to management of the trauma victim improves patient outcome. After insertion of an airway and stabilization of the spine, hemorrhage is treated and volume is replaced. At this point, invasive techniques, such as chest tube insertion, peritoneal lavage and pericardiocentesis, may be therapeutic as well as diagnostic.