Institute of Environment and Development Studies, Bundelkhand University, Kanpur Road, Jhansi 284128, India.
Institute of Environment and Development Studies, Bundelkhand University, Kanpur Road, Jhansi 284128, India.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Feb 15;651(Pt 2):2927-2942. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.047. Epub 2018 Oct 7.
The contamination of soil and vegetables with trace elements is one of the most severe ecological problems in developing industrialized countries. Trace elements are released into the environment from natural and anthropogenic activities and accumulated in soil and vegetables through various pathways which ultimately affects the human health. The present review aimed at 1) discussing the anthropogenic sources in detail, 2) describing the bioaccumulation, absorption, and transportation of trace elements, 3) exploring the options to reduce the health risk due to consumption of contaminated vegetables, 4) identifying the research and policy gaps related to soil and vegetables contamination with trace elements. Besides these objectives, the present review also detailed the several factors which affect the rate of accumulation, toxicity mechanism, and effects of trace elements on vegetables and humans. Various toxicity indices for health risk assessment have also been described. It is suggested to evaluate the trace metals concentration in irrigation water and soil prior to plant the vegetable to minimize the possible contamination.
土壤和蔬菜中微量元素的污染是发展中工业化国家最严重的生态问题之一。微量元素通过各种途径从自然和人为活动中释放到环境中，并在土壤和蔬菜中积累，最终影响人类健康。本综述旨在：1）详细讨论人为来源，2）描述微量元素的生物积累、吸收和运输，3）探讨减少因食用受污染蔬菜而导致的健康风险的选择，4）确定与土壤和蔬菜中微量元素污染相关的研究和政策差距。除了这些目标外，本综述还详细说明了影响积累速度、毒性机制以及微量元素对蔬菜和人类影响的几个因素。还描述了各种用于健康风险评估的毒性指数。建议在种植蔬菜之前评估灌溉水和土壤中的痕量金属浓度，以最大程度地减少可能的污染。
