Papoutsis Giorgos, Papoutsi Sylvana, Klukowska-Rötzler Jolanta, Schaller Benoît, Exadaktylos Aristomenis K
Department of Emergency Medicine,
Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine.
Open Access Emerg Med. 2018 Oct 30;10:171-176. doi: 10.2147/OAEM.S174116. eCollection 2018.
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation is an uncommon and debilitating condition of the facial skeleton. The condition may be traumatic or nontraumatic, in an acute or chronic form, and with bilateral or monolateral expression.
In this study, conducted from May 2012 to July 2016, we retrospectively analyzed TMJ dislocations treated in the Department of Emergency Medicine, Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, by focusing on the following parameters: age, gender, reason, localization, frequency, and therapy.
Thirty-two patients were included. The mean age was 42.06 years and there was no predominant gender. Most cases of TMJ dislocation were nontraumatic (93.7%). Dislocations were mostly bilateral (59.4%) and appeared in a chronic situation and with repetitive events (62.5%). Thirty-one patients received conservative treatment, which consists of reposition of the TMJ with (38.7%) or without (61.3%) analgosedation. Only one patient needed surgical reposition due to previous surgical treatment.
This is the first attempt to evaluate TMJ dislocations in Switzerland in an acute hospital setting. To our knowledge, there are no other studies that systematically analyze these injuries by focusing on the patients' characteristics. Surgical reposition is only indicated in complicated and very rare situations. Conservative approaches are commonly used and should be exhausted before any surgery.
颞下颌关节（TMJ）脱位是面部骨骼一种不常见且使人衰弱的病症。该病症可能是创伤性的或非创伤性的，呈急性或慢性形式，且有双侧或单侧表现。
在这项于2012年5月至2016年7月开展的研究中，我们回顾性分析了伯尔尼大学因塞尔医院急诊医学科治疗的TMJ脱位病例，重点关注以下参数：年龄、性别、病因、部位、频率及治疗方法。
纳入32例患者。平均年龄为42.06岁，无明显性别差异。TMJ脱位的大多数病例为非创伤性（93.7%）。脱位大多为双侧（59.4%），且呈慢性情况并伴有反复发生（62.5%）。31例患者接受了保守治疗，包括在有（38.7%）或无（61.3%）镇痛镇静的情况下复位TMJ。仅1例患者因既往手术治疗需要手术复位。
这是在瑞士急性医院环境中评估TMJ脱位的首次尝试。据我们所知，尚无其他研究通过关注患者特征来系统分析这些损伤。手术复位仅在复杂且非常罕见的情况下适用。保守方法常用，且在任何手术前都应先用尽保守方法。
