Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, 56.304-205 Petrolina, PE, Brazil.
Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France.
Phytomedicine. 2018 Nov 15;50:137-147. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.017. Epub 2017 Aug 16.
Cnidoscolus is a genus belonging to the Euphorbiaceae family, distributed in South American countries, such as Mexico and Brazil, which includes several species widely used in folk medicine. However, the genus is not sufficiently exploited from a chemical and pharmacological point of view.
HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: This paper aims to present a systematic review of known pharmacological and chemical aspects from Cnidoscolus, an important genus for South America research groups on medicinal plants. In this article, we highlight the importance of Cnidoscolus species in the search for new bioactive molecules.
A systematic review was conducted in order to collect chemical and pharmacological information on species of this genus in the last 25 years.
Literature search was performed through specialized databases (PUBMED, LILACS, SCIELO, Science Direct and Web of Science) using different combinations of the following keywords: Cnidoscolus, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity. For the selection of the manuscripts, two independent investigators (RGOJ and CAAF) first selected the articles according to the title, then to the abstract and finally through an analysis of the full-text publication. All selected manuscripts were analyzed for year of publication, country where the research was performed, reported plant species, isolated chemical compounds and evaluated biological activities.
Most of the studies involving Cnidoscolus were conducted by research groups located in Brazil, Nigeria and Mexico. Regarding the annual evolution of the publications, a larger number of articles published in 2014 were observed. Flavonoids, triterpenes and diterpenes represent the main classes of secondary metabolites that have been isolated from Cnidoscolus. In terms of the pharmacological investigations, C. aconitifolius, C. chayamansa and C. quercifolius are considered the most studied species, with different pharmacological activities.
All findings indicate that Cnidoscolus is an important genus of the Euphorbiaceae family. However, considering its chemical and pharmacological importance, the studies developed with Cnidoscolus species are still limited, representing an opportunity to investigate new bioactive molecules.
盾叶鬼臼属于大戟科，分布于墨西哥和巴西等南美国家，包括几种在民间医学中广泛使用的物种。然而，从化学和药理学的角度来看，该属并没有得到充分的开发。
假说/目的：本文旨在对南美药用植物研究组重要属盾叶鬼臼的已知药理和化学方面进行系统综述。在本文中，我们强调了盾叶鬼臼属物种在寻找新的生物活性分子方面的重要性。
为了收集过去 25 年来该属物种的化学和药理学信息，进行了系统综述。
通过专门的数据库（PUBMED、LILACS、SCIELO、Science Direct 和 Web of Science）进行文献检索，使用以下关键词的不同组合：盾叶鬼臼、植物化学、药理活性。为了选择文献，两位独立的研究者（RGOJ 和 CAAF）首先根据标题选择文章，然后根据摘要，最后通过分析全文出版物进行选择。对所有入选的文献进行分析，包括出版年份、研究所在国家、报道的植物种类、分离的化学化合物和评估的生物活性。
涉及盾叶鬼臼的研究大多由巴西、尼日利亚和墨西哥的研究小组进行。关于出版物的年度演变，观察到 2014 年发表的文章数量较多。黄酮类、三萜类和二萜类代表了从盾叶鬼臼中分离得到的主要次生代谢物类。在药理研究方面，C. aconitifolius、C. chayamansa 和 C. quercifolius 被认为是研究最多的物种，具有不同的药理活性。
所有研究结果表明，盾叶鬼臼是大戟科的一个重要属。然而，考虑到其化学和药理学的重要性，对盾叶鬼臼属物种的研究仍然有限，这为研究新的生物活性分子提供了机会。
