Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Ghent University, Belgium.
Advanced Water Management Centre, The University of Queensland, Australia.
Water Res. 2019 Feb 1;149:322-341. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.026. Epub 2018 Nov 13.
Wastewater treatment processes with granular sludge are compact and are becoming increasingly popular. Interest has been accompanied by the development of mathematical models. This contribution simultaneously reviews available models in the scientific literature for anaerobic, aerobic and partial nitritation-anammox granular sludge reactors because they comprise common phenomena (e.g. liquid, gas and granule transport) and thus pose similar challenges. Many of the publications were found to have no clearly defined goal. The importance of a goal is stressed because it determines the appropriate model complexity and helps other potential users to find a suitable model in the vast amount of literature. Secondly, a wide variety was found in the model features. This review explains the chosen modelling assumptions based on the different reactor types and goals wherever possible, but some assumptions appeared to be habitual within fields of research, without clear reason. We therefore suggest further research to more clearly define the range of operational conditions and goals for which certain simplifying assumptions can be made, e.g. when intragranule solute transport can be lumped in apparent kinetics and when biofilm models are needed, which explicitly calculate substrate concentration gradients inside granules. Furthermore, research is needed to better mechanistically understand detachment, removal of influent particulate matter and changes in the mixing behaviour inside anaerobic systems, before these phenomena can be adequately incorporated in models. Finally, it is suggested to perform full-scale model validation studies for aerobic and anammox reactors. A spreadsheet in the supplementary information provides an overview of the features in the 167 reviewed models.
采用颗粒污泥的污水生物处理工艺紧凑，越来越受到欢迎。随着兴趣的增加，数学模型也得到了发展。本综述同时回顾了科学文献中关于厌氧、好氧和部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥反应器的现有模型，因为它们包含共同的现象（例如液体、气体和颗粒传输），因此面临着类似的挑战。许多出版物被发现没有明确的目标。目标的重要性在于它决定了适当的模型复杂性，并帮助其他潜在用户在大量文献中找到合适的模型。其次，模型特征也存在很大的差异。本综述尽可能根据不同的反应器类型和目标解释所选建模假设，但有些假设在研究领域似乎是习惯性的，没有明确的原因。因此，我们建议进一步研究，更清楚地定义某些简化假设适用的操作条件和目标范围，例如当颗粒内溶质传输可以归并为表观动力学时，或者需要明确计算颗粒内基质浓度梯度的生物膜模型时。此外，在这些现象能够充分纳入模型之前，还需要进行研究以更好地从机理上理解厌氧系统中的脱落、进水颗粒物质的去除以及混合行为的变化。最后，建议对好氧和厌氧氨氧化反应器进行全尺寸模型验证研究。补充信息中的电子表格提供了 167 个综述模型的特征概述。
