Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1064:207-219. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-0445-3_13.
Antigen-specific immunity conferred by T lymphocytes is a result of complex molecular interactions at the immunological synapse. A variety of biomimetic approaches have been devised to artificially induce T cell activation either to study the T cell biology or to expand and prime the therapeutic T cell populations. Here we first briefly review the molecular and cellular, structural and phenotypical bases that are involved in T cell activation. The artificial methods for T cell activation are then discussed in two grand categories, the soluble (3D) and the surface-anchored (2D) platforms with their design parameters. With the growing number of successful adoptive T cell therapies, the spurring demands for effective and safe T cell expansion as well as precise control over resulting T cell functions and phenotypes warrant the extensions of engineering parameters in the development of novel methodologies for T cell activation.
T 淋巴细胞所介导的抗原特异性免疫是免疫突触中复杂的分子相互作用的结果。已经设计了多种仿生方法来人为地诱导 T 细胞激活，无论是为了研究 T 细胞生物学还是为了扩增和启动治疗性 T 细胞群体。在这里，我们首先简要回顾参与 T 细胞激活的分子和细胞、结构和表型基础。然后，我们将 T 细胞激活的人工方法分为两大类进行讨论，即可溶性（3D）和表面锚定（2D）平台及其设计参数。随着过继性 T 细胞疗法的成功案例越来越多，对有效和安全的 T 细胞扩增以及对产生的 T 细胞功能和表型的精确控制的需求，促使人们在开发新型 T 细胞激活方法时扩展工程参数。
