Child Rehabilitation Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Department of Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2019 Jun;61(6):672-679. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.14100. Epub 2018 Nov 25.
To investigate the impact of traumatic injury on the developing prefrontal-temporal adolescent cortex, and correlated brain structural measures with neurocognitive functioning.
Nineteen adolescents (12 males, 7 females, age range: 11-17y, mean 15y 8mo, standard deviation 1y 7mo, median 15y 11mo) with traumatic brain injury (TBI) were included. Cortical thickness of frontal and temporal lobes was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging. We correlated cortical thickness of prefrontal-temporal regions with age, time since injury, and neurocognitive functioning, and compared these results with a matched control cohort without TBI.
We found thinner prefrontal (p=0.039) and temporal cortices (p=0.002) in adolescents with TBI compared to typically developing children. Furthermore, significant age effect was observed on the prefrontal (r=-0.75, p=0.003) and temporal (r=-0.66, p=0.013) cortical thickness in typically developing adolescents, but not in adolescents with TBI. Executive function (measured using the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function questionnaire, with lower scores meaning higher functioning) was correlated with prefrontal cortical thickness in typically developing adolescents (r=0.72, p=0.009). Opposite trends were found for correlations between cortical thickness and executive function in the TBI and control cohort.
Structural maturation in typically developing adolescents correlates with functional development: the older the adolescent, the thinner the prefrontal cortex, the better executive function. In adolescents with TBI we observed an opposite trend, that appeared significantly different from the control group: the thinner the prefrontal and temporal cortex, the worse executive functioning.
Cortical thickness is negatively correlated with age in typically developing adolescents. Prefrontal cortex thickness correlates negatively with executive function in typically developing adolescents. Correlations between cortical thickness and executive functioning rise for adolescents without traumatic brain injury (TBI). Correlations between cortical thickness and executive functioning fall for adolescents with TBI. Adolescents with TBI have a long-term impairment of adaptive functioning in daily living.
探讨外伤性损伤对发育中额颞叶青少年皮质的影响，并将相关脑结构测量与神经认知功能相关联。
纳入 19 名创伤性脑损伤（TBI）青少年（男 12 名，女 7 名，年龄范围：11-17 岁，平均 15 岁 8 个月，标准差 1 岁 7 个月，中位数 15 岁 11 个月）。使用磁共振成像评估额颞叶皮质厚度。我们将前额-颞叶区域的皮质厚度与年龄、损伤后时间以及神经认知功能相关联，并将这些结果与无 TBI 的匹配对照组进行比较。
与正常发育的儿童相比，TBI 青少年的前额叶（p=0.039）和颞叶皮质（p=0.002）更薄。此外，在正常发育的青少年中，前额叶（r=-0.75，p=0.003）和颞叶（r=-0.66，p=0.013）皮质厚度存在显著的年龄效应，但在 TBI 青少年中则没有。执行功能（使用行为评定量表进行评估，得分越低表示功能越好）与正常发育青少年的前额叶皮质厚度相关（r=0.72，p=0.009）。在 TBI 组和对照组中，皮质厚度与执行功能之间的相关性呈现出相反的趋势。
正常发育青少年的结构成熟与功能发育相关：青少年年龄越大，前额叶皮质越薄，执行功能越好。在 TBI 青少年中，我们观察到相反的趋势，与对照组有明显差异：前额叶和颞叶皮质越薄，执行功能越差。
正常发育青少年的皮质厚度与年龄呈负相关。前额叶皮质厚度与正常发育青少年的执行功能呈负相关。无创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的青少年皮质厚度与执行功能的相关性增加。TBI 青少年的皮质厚度与执行功能的相关性下降。TBI 青少年在日常生活中的适应性功能存在长期损害。
