State Key Laboratory of New Ceramic and Fine Processing, Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P. R. China.
Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Delft University of Technology , Delft , The Netherlands.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2018 Dec 19;10(50):43723-43729. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b17114. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Water-purifying materials are of vital importance for providing sanitary water, especially in epidemic and disaster areas and for wilderness survival. Here, we report a novel inorganic composite with a fast, reusable, and pleiotropic water purification ability. The composite of heterogeneous Ni-LaO nanofibers was developed using an easy, low-cost, and large-scale production process, i.e., an electrospinning technique. Because of the unique heterostructure formed by introducing nickel nanoparticles into the LaO host, the nanocomposite fibers can rapidly remove various detrimental micropollutants with absorption rate constants hundreds of times greater than those of inorganic materials and activated carbons. In addition, the nanocomposite can be recycled by a soft washing procedure at ambient temperature and demonstrates a much more stable performance than the state-of-the-art activated carbon materials. Furthermore, the nanofibers have an excellent germicidal effect against the high-risk human pathogen Escherichia coli. Our work introduces a promising inorganic absorbent suitable for purifying life-sustaining water supplies in emergency situations and alleviating worldwide water shortages.
净水材料对于提供卫生用水至关重要，特别是在疫情和灾区以及野外生存中。在这里，我们报告了一种具有快速、可重复使用和多功能净水能力的新型无机复合材料。采用一种简单、低成本且大规模生产工艺（即静电纺丝技术）制备了异质 Ni-LaO 纳米纤维复合材料。由于在 LaO 主体中引入镍纳米颗粒形成了独特的异质结构，纳米复合纤维可以快速去除各种有害的微污染物，其吸附速率常数比无机材料和活性炭高数百倍。此外，纳米复合材料可以通过在环境温度下进行软清洗来回收，并且表现出比最先进的活性炭材料更稳定的性能。此外，纳米纤维对高风险人类病原体大肠杆菌具有优异的杀菌效果。我们的工作介绍了一种有前途的无机吸收剂，适用于净化紧急情况下维持生命的供水和缓解全球水资源短缺。
