Cell Cycle Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; email:
Annu Rev Genet. 2018 Nov 23;52:89-107. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genet-120417-031353.
Smc5 and Smc6, together with the kleisin Nse4, form the heart of the enigmatic and poorly understood Smc5/6 complex, which is frequently viewed as a cousin of cohesin and condensin with functions in DNA repair. As novel functions for cohesin and condensin complexes in the organization of long-range chromatin architecture have recently emerged, new unsuspected roles for Smc5/6 have also surfaced. Here, I aim to provide a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge of the Smc5/6 complex, including its long-established function in genome stability, its multiple roles in DNA repair, and its recently discovered connection to the transcription inhibition of hepatitis B virus genomes. In addition, I summarize new research that is beginning to tease out the molecular details of Smc5/6 structure and function, knowledge that will illuminate the nuclear activities of Smc5/6 in the stability and dynamics of eukaryotic genomes.
Smc5 和 Smc6 与 kleisin Nse4 一起构成了神秘且了解甚少的 Smc5/6 复合物的核心，该复合物通常被视为黏合蛋白和凝聚素的表亲，具有 DNA 修复功能。随着黏合蛋白和凝聚素复合物在长程染色质结构组织中的新功能的出现，Smc5/6 的新的、意想不到的作用也浮出水面。在这里，我旨在提供对 Smc5/6 复合物的全面了解，包括其在基因组稳定性方面的长期确立的功能、其在 DNA 修复中的多种作用以及其最近发现的与乙型肝炎病毒基因组转录抑制的联系。此外，我总结了新的研究，这些研究开始揭示 Smc5/6 结构和功能的分子细节，这些知识将阐明 Smc5/6 在真核基因组稳定性和动态中的核活性。
