[Renal involvement during monoclonal gammopathies at the teaching hospital of Yopougon in Abidjan, from 2000 to 2016].

BACKGROUND

Renal involvement is common during monoclonal gammopathies and their occurrence impacts the survival of the patients. Our objective was to describe the renal features during monoclonal gammopathies from 2004 to 2016 at the University Hospital of Yopougon in Abidjan.

METHODS

Renal failure was defined as blood creatinine level > 20 mg/L and/or proteinuria > 500 mg/24 hours.

RESULTS

We identified 42 cases of monoclonal gammopathiesincluding multiple myeloma (n=40) and monoclonal gammopathy of underdetermined significance (n=2). The rate of renal impairment was 57% (n=24) including tubular disease (n=20)and glomerular nephropathy (n=3). Two patients (one with cast nephropathy and another with Randall's disease) performed renal biopsy. The factors associated with renal impairment were mainly hyperuricemia (n=24)and hypercalcemia (n=23). Three cases were treated by hemodialysis. There were 6 (14.3%) deaths among patients with renal impairment.

CONCLUSION

Tubular injury was common among patients with monoclonal gammopathy. It was associated with hypercalcemia and Hyperuricemia.