Zaracho VÍctor Hugo, Aguiar Leonardo Dionel, Giaretta Ariovaldo Antonio
Laboratorio de Herpetología. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Av. Libertad 5470. Corrientes (CP 3400). Argentina..
Zootaxa. 2018 Nov 14;4521(3):404-416. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4521.3.6.
Previously described calls of Trachycephalus typhonius (Linnaeus, 1758) correspond to several populations from Central and South America, but in general, these descriptions were brief and often based on a single recorded individual. Here, based on an expressive sample, we re-describe the advertisement calls of T. typhonius using recordings from populations in Brazil and Argentina. Additionally, we discuss geographical variation of calls, comment on their frequency band structure and compare calls with those described for other species of Trachycephalus. Calls of 32 males were recorded and temporal and spectral features of 269 calls were measured. To search for discrimination among three populations sampled we used the Random Forest (RF) model, Multidimensional Scaling Analysis (MDS) and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney Rank Sum Test. The advertisement calls of T. typhonius consist of a multipulsed note of 343-540 ms of duration, emitted at regular intervals, with up to three emphasized frequency bands. Dominant frequency ranged between 1705-2750 Hz. Calls from Rondônia (Brazil) were significantly different from those recorded in Argentina and Minas Gerais (Brazil) in relation to pulse rate and dominant frequency. Populations from Minas Gerais and Argentina differed in dominant frequency of calls. Such population differences can be partly attributed to differences in prevalence of calling sites (immersed in water vs. perches on vegetation), but can also hint at the existence of cryptic species diversity under this taxon.
先前对奇异多指节蟾（Trachycephalus typhonius，林奈，1758年）叫声的描述对应于来自中美洲和南美洲的几个种群，但总体而言，这些描述很简短，且往往基于单个记录个体。在此，基于大量样本，我们利用来自巴西和阿根廷种群的录音对奇异多指节蟾的求偶叫声进行重新描述。此外，我们讨论了叫声的地理变异，评论了其频带结构，并将这些叫声与其他多指节蟾属物种的叫声进行比较。记录了32只雄性的叫声，并测量了269次叫声的时间和频谱特征。为了寻找所采样的三个种群之间的差异，我们使用了随机森林（RF）模型、多维标度分析（MDS）和威尔科克森-曼-惠特尼秩和检验。奇异多指节蟾的求偶叫声由持续时间为343 - 540毫秒的多脉冲音符组成，以规则间隔发出，具有多达三个突出的频带。主频范围在1705 - 2750赫兹之间。来自朗多尼亚（巴西）的叫声在脉冲率和主频方面与在阿根廷和米纳斯吉拉斯（巴西）记录的叫声有显著差异。米纳斯吉拉斯和阿根廷的种群在叫声主频上存在差异。这种种群差异部分可归因于鸣叫地点的普遍情况不同（浸入水中与栖息在植被上），但也可能暗示在这个分类单元下存在隐性物种多样性。
