Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Chem Asian J. 2019 Mar 15;14(6):689-699. doi: 10.1002/asia.201801595. Epub 2019 Jan 7.
DNA occupies significant roles in life processes, which include encoding the sequences of proteins and accurately transferring genetic information from generation to generation. Recent discoveries have demonstrated that a variety of biological functions are correlated with DNA's conformational transitions. The non-B form has attained great attention among the diverse forms of DNA over the past several years. The main reason for this is that a large number of studies have shown that the non-B form of DNA is associated with gross deletions, inversions, duplications, translocations as well as simple repeating sequences, which therefore causes human diseases. Consequently, the conformational transition of DNA between the B-form and the non-B form is important for biology. Conventional fluorescence probes based on the conformational transitions of DNA usually need a fluorophore and a quencher group, which suffers from the complex design of the structure and tedious synthetic procedures. Moreover, conventional fluorescence probes are subject to the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, which limits their application toward imaging and analyte detection. Fluorogens exhibiting aggregation-induced emission (AIE) have attracted tremendous attention over the past decade. By taking advantage of this unique behavior, plenty of fluorescent switch-on probes without the incorporation of fluorescent quenchers/fluorophore pairs have been widely developed as biosensors for imaging a variety of analytes. Herein, the recent progress in bioanalytical applications on the basis of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens)/nucleic acid nanostructures are presented and discussed.
DNA 在生命过程中扮演着重要的角色，包括编码蛋白质的序列以及准确地将遗传信息从一代传递到下一代。最近的发现表明，各种生物功能与 DNA 的构象转变有关。在过去的几年中，DNA 的各种构象中，非 B 构象引起了极大的关注。主要原因是大量的研究表明，DNA 的非 B 构象与大片段缺失、倒位、重复、易位以及简单重复序列有关，从而导致了人类疾病。因此，DNA 在 B 构象和非 B 构象之间的构象转变对生物学很重要。基于 DNA 构象转变的传统荧光探针通常需要一个荧光团和一个猝灭基团，这受到结构复杂的设计和繁琐的合成过程的限制。此外，传统的荧光探针受到聚集诱导猝灭（ACQ）效应的限制，限制了它们在成像和分析物检测中的应用。在过去的十年中，具有聚集诱导发射（AIE）的荧光团引起了人们的极大关注。利用这一独特的行为，已经广泛开发了许多没有荧光猝灭剂/荧光团对的荧光开关探针作为生物传感器，用于成像各种分析物。本文介绍并讨论了基于聚集诱导发射发光体（AIEgens）/核酸纳米结构的生物分析应用的最新进展。
