Klaus S, Heldmaier G, Ricquier D
Fachbereich Biologie, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
J Comp Physiol B. 1988;158(2):157-64. doi: 10.1007/BF01075829.
Seasonal acclimation of nonshivering thermogenesis and brown adipose tissue was studied in wild bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus), yellow necked field mice and wood mice (Apodemus flavicollis, A. sylvaticus). Both, voles and mice increased their capacity for nonshivering thermogenesis during winter. Thermogenic properties of brown fat (cytochrome c oxidase activity, mitochondrial protein content, GDP-binding of brown fat mitochondria) showed similar changes during seasonal acclimation; Clethrionomys and Apodemus spp. both showed lowest thermogenic properties in the summer during August, a rapid increase during fall, and highest levels of thermogenic activity in the winter months. With regard to changes in body weight and brown fat mass these species show different strategies for seasonal acclimation. In Clethrionomys a reduction of body mass in the winter was found, both in the wild population as well as in individual animals housed in the laboratory. A. flavicollis showed a reduction of body weight during fall, whereas A. sylvaticus maintained a constant body mass throughout the year. Brown fat mass and cellularity increased in the Apodemus spp. during winter, in parallel with the thermogenic properties of brown fat, whereas in Clethrionomys brown fat mass and cellularity remained seasonally constant. These species live in the same habitat and were trapped in the same area. It is concluded that seasonal improvements of in vivo and in vitro thermogenesis are very similar in these species, although the physiological basis for this improvement is different in Clethrionomys and Apodemus.
在野生小林姬鼠（黄毛鼠属）、黄颈姬鼠和林姬鼠（黄颈姬鼠、林姬鼠）中研究了非颤抖性产热和棕色脂肪组织的季节性适应。小林姬鼠和姬鼠在冬季均提高了非颤抖性产热能力。棕色脂肪的产热特性（细胞色素c氧化酶活性、线粒体蛋白含量、棕色脂肪线粒体的GDP结合）在季节性适应过程中表现出相似的变化；黄毛鼠属和姬鼠属在8月夏季时产热特性均最低，秋季迅速增加，在冬季月份产热活性最高。关于体重和棕色脂肪量的变化，这些物种表现出不同的季节性适应策略。在小林姬鼠中，无论是野生种群还是实验室饲养的个体，冬季体重都会降低。黄颈姬鼠在秋季体重下降，而林姬鼠全年体重保持恒定。姬鼠属的棕色脂肪量和细胞数量在冬季增加，与棕色脂肪的产热特性同步，而小林姬鼠的棕色脂肪量和细胞数量保持季节性恒定。这些物种生活在相同的栖息地，且在同一区域捕获。结论是，尽管小林姬鼠和姬鼠属这种改善的生理基础不同，但这些物种体内和体外产热的季节性改善非常相似。
