Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, Scotland, UK.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2018 Dec;137:315-330. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.024. Epub 2018 Oct 20.
A simple hypothesis-driven model of how floating marine plastic litter is blown onto a beach, and then moved on and off the beach by winds and rising and falling water levels is implemented in a computer simulation. The simulation applied to Aberdeen beach, Scotland, suggests that the interaction between varying winds and water levels alone, coupled to an assumed constant offshore floating litter density, can account for 1) the order of magnitude of the long term average (2000-2010) beach plastic litter loading (observed = 127 np/100 m, simulated = 114 np/100 m); 2) the observed frequency spectrum of low water beach plastic litter loadings; 3) the magnitude of the ratio between offshore floating plastic litter densities and onshore beach plastic litter loadings; 4) zero overall net beach plastic litter accumulation. Results are relevant to beach survey design, designing methods to estimate litter accumulation rates and the setting of MSFD beach litter targets.
一个简单的假设驱动模型，用于解释漂浮海洋塑料垃圾如何被风吹到海滩上，然后又被风和涨潮落潮的水流带上海滩和离开海滩，该模型已在计算机模拟中实现。该模拟应用于苏格兰阿伯丁海滩，结果表明，仅考虑不同风和水位之间的相互作用，并结合假设的恒定的离岸漂浮垃圾密度，就可以解释以下内容：1）长期平均（2000-2010 年）海滩塑料垃圾负荷的数量级（观察值= 127 np/100 m，模拟值= 114 np/100 m）；2）观察到的低水位海滩塑料垃圾负荷的频谱；3）离岸漂浮塑料垃圾密度与近岸海滩塑料垃圾负荷之间的比值的大小；4）海滩上塑料垃圾没有净积累。研究结果与海滩调查设计、设计方法以估计垃圾积累率以及 MSFD 海滩垃圾目标的设定有关。
