Toulouse School of Economics, University of Toulouse Capitole, Toulouse, France.
Toulouse School of Economics, University of Toulouse Capitole, Toulouse, France.
Accid Anal Prev. 2019 Feb;123:170-175. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.11.022. Epub 2018 Dec 2.
Stated preference (SP) methods are often used to elicit an affected population's preferences for, e.g., increased safety or better environmental quality. SP methods are based on hypothetical market scenarios which have advantages, since decision alternatives are known to the analysis, but also necessitate thorough validity tests of the results, since decisions are hypothetical. This study suggests a validity test based on theoretical predictions and empirical findings for private and public safety measures. According to the test, willingness to pay (WTP) for a public safety measure should exceed or be equal to the private one. Based on a rich data set eliciting both private and public WTP the results show that private WTP exceeds public WTP. Hence, the findings in this study highlight the importance of validity tests of preference estimates for safety, and suggest that WTP also for a private safety measure should be elicited in studies eliciting WTP for public safety measures, to allow for the validity test.
意愿调查法（SP）常用于获取受影响群体对安全性提高或环境质量改善等方面的偏好。SP 法基于假设的市场情景，具有优势，因为决策替代方案为分析所知，但也需要对结果进行彻底的有效性测试，因为决策是假设的。本研究提出了一种基于私人和公共安全措施的理论预测和经验发现的有效性测试。根据该测试，公共安全措施的支付意愿（WTP）应超过或等于私人安全措施的支付意愿。基于一个同时 eliciting 私人和公共 WTP 的丰富数据集，结果表明私人 WTP 超过公共 WTP。因此，本研究的结果强调了对安全偏好估计进行有效性测试的重要性，并表明在 eliciting 公共安全措施 WTP 的研究中，也应该 eliciting 私人安全措施的 WTP，以进行有效性测试。
