Millet C W, Drez D J
Department of Orthopaedics, Louisiana State University, New Orleans.
Clin Sports Med. 1988 Oct;7(4):827-33.
The preceding discussion has profiled the three different types of knee braces available on today's market. It has attempted to discuss the controversies surrounding these braces and to analyze the scientific data presented to date. Prophylactic braces have been shown to be ineffective in preventing knee injuries in their present-day design. Evidence has also shown that their use may even lead to increased knee injuries. On the other hand, rehabilitative braces do serve a useful purpose in regard to the operative and nonoperative treatment of ligamentous knee injuries. With their use in the application and control of joint motion, they are an important addition to the surgeon's armamentarium. One must keep in mind, however, that these braces provide little static anterior/posterior control and the hinge settings may not actually reflect true joint motion. Functional knee braces may play a role in the treatment of patients with pathologic laxity owing to an injury of the ACL. Combined with an adequate rehabilitation program and activity modification, these braces do limit excessive anterior tibial translation under low-loading conditions. However, under conditions of high loading these braces provide little or no resistance to anterior translation. Therefore, in most sporting activities, their efficacy is questionable. Knee bracing continues to be a complex and controversial topic in the field of orthopaedic surgery. The answers for the design of the "ideal" brace are being continually worked out and the need for more detailed, well-controlled studies continues to be great.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
上述讨论概述了当今市场上可用的三种不同类型的膝关节支具。它试图讨论围绕这些支具的争议，并分析迄今为止所呈现的科学数据。事实证明，预防性支具在其当前设计中对于预防膝关节损伤是无效的。证据还表明，使用它们甚至可能导致膝关节损伤增加。另一方面，康复性支具在膝关节韧带损伤的手术和非手术治疗方面确实发挥着有益的作用。通过在关节活动的应用和控制中使用它们，它们是外科医生装备中的重要补充。然而，必须记住，这些支具几乎没有提供静态的前后控制，并且铰链设置可能实际上并不能反映真正的关节运动。功能性膝关节支具可能在治疗因前交叉韧带损伤而出现病理性松弛的患者中发挥作用。与适当的康复计划和活动调整相结合，这些支具在低负荷条件下确实能限制胫骨过度向前移位。然而，在高负荷条件下，这些支具对向前移位几乎没有或根本没有抵抗力。因此，在大多数体育活动中，它们的功效值得怀疑。膝关节支具在整形外科领域仍然是一个复杂且有争议的话题。“理想”支具设计的答案正在不断探索中，并且对更详细、控制良好的研究的需求仍然很大。（摘要截短于250字）
