Shaffer Dennis M, Greer Kirsten M, Schaffer Jackson T, Burkhardt Meghan, Mattingly Ky, Short Brandon, Cramer Cage
Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University Mansfield, United States of America.
Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University Mansfield, United States of America.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2019 Jan;192:194-199. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2018.11.016. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
It is well known that people verbally exaggerate the slant of visually perceived geographical, virtual, and man-made hills. More recently it has been shown that haptic and verbal estimates of slant result in similar exaggerations, supporting the proprioception calibration hypothesis-that similar biases exist in both verbal estimates of visually perceived slant and proprioceptively perceived hand orientation. This seems to point to a common underlying representation of slant. However, it is unclear if and how manual proprioceptive estimates might be relevant for perception of ground surface slant or how this might translate to pedal perception of surface orientation. In the current work we tested whether pedal perception is systematically connected to a representational system shared by haptic and visual perception. We did this by having people orient their foot to four different orientations of a ramp (Experiment 1) or to a staircase (Experiment 2) and compared these to estimates made using a free hand measure as well as to verbal estimates. Our results show that verbal, haptic, and pedal measures of visually perceived surface orientation all result in similar estimates of slant and do so across different slanted surfaces. This suggests that verbal and haptic proprioceptive estimates tap into a representational system of visually perceived surface orientation that is relevant for walking up various surface orientations.
众所周知，人们在口头上会夸大视觉上感知到的地理、虚拟和人造山丘的倾斜度。最近有研究表明，对倾斜度的触觉和口头估计会产生类似的夸大现象，这支持了本体感觉校准假说，即在视觉感知倾斜度的口头估计和本体感觉感知的手部方位中都存在类似的偏差。这似乎指向了倾斜度的一种共同潜在表征。然而，目前尚不清楚手动本体感觉估计是否以及如何与地面倾斜度的感知相关，或者这如何转化为对表面方位的踏板感知。在当前的研究中，我们测试了踏板感知是否与触觉和视觉感知共享的表征系统存在系统性联系。我们通过让人们将脚朝向斜坡的四种不同方位（实验1）或楼梯（实验2）来进行测试，并将这些结果与使用徒手测量以及口头估计的结果进行比较。我们的结果表明，视觉感知表面方位的口头、触觉和踏板测量都得出了相似的倾斜度估计，并且在不同倾斜表面上都是如此。这表明口头和触觉本体感觉估计利用了与在各种表面方位上行走相关的视觉感知表面方位的表征系统。
