Deussen Sabine, Alfuth Martin
Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health Care, Therapeutic Sciences, Reinarzstr. 49, 47805 Krefeld, Germany.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2018 Dec;13(6):993-1007.
Ankle sprains frequently result in persistent sensorimotor deficits. Sufficient evidence of effects of sensorimotor training using unstable devices on physical functions is lacking. There is no insight as to whether simultaneous tactile stimulation of plantar foot mechanoreceptors using textured surfaces may influence outcomes in people with a history of ankle sprain.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential effects of sensorimotor training using unstable textured surfaces on balance, strength, joint function, and plantar sensitivity in recreational athletes with a history of ankle sprain.
Nineteen recreational athletes (6 females, 13 males; mean age: 29 ± 7 years) with a history of ankle sprain and self-reported sensation of instability participated.
Self-reported function of the ankle joint, plantar cutaneous detection threshold to light touch, balance during single-leg stance as well as maximal isometric strength of the ankle joint in eversion and inversion were measured. Participants were randomly allocated to either a training group using unstable textured surfaces or a training group using unstable smooth surfaces or a control group. Outcome measurements were repeated after six weeks of training and at follow-up after 10 weeks. Within and between group differences were analyzed using ANOVA, Friedman tests, or Kruskal Wallis tests (p<0.05) and post-hoc tests with Bonferroni correction. Correlations between outcome-parameters from baseline measurements were analyzed using Spearman's rho (p<0.05).
No significant between-group differences in all outcome measures were detected. However, a significant increase of strength in eversion was found for the training group using textured surfaces after 10 weeks (p = 0.01). A moderate correlation existed between plantar detection threshold of metatarsal head (MT) I and strength of inversion (r = 0.51, p<0.05) before training across all groups. There were moderate negative correlations between balance parameters and strength in eversion (r = -0.57 - -0.64, p≤0.01) as well as plantar detection thresholds at MT V (r = -0.48 - -0.62, p<0.05) at baseline across all groups.
A six-week sensorimotor training using unstable smooth and textured surfaces demonstrated no significant differences in balance, strength in eversion and inversion, plantar foot sensitivity, and self-reported ankle instability between training groups and the control group in recreational athletes with a history of ankle sprain. A better score on balance testing seems to correlate with an increase in eversion ankle strength and a decreased plantar sensitivity at MT V.
Level IIb.
踝关节扭伤常导致持续性感觉运动功能障碍。缺乏关于使用不稳定装置进行感觉运动训练对身体功能影响的充分证据。对于使用有纹理表面同时对足底机械感受器进行触觉刺激是否会影响有踝关节扭伤史人群的治疗效果，尚无相关见解。
本研究旨在探讨使用不稳定有纹理表面进行感觉运动训练对有踝关节扭伤史的休闲运动员的平衡、力量、关节功能和足底敏感性的潜在影响。
19名有踝关节扭伤史且自我报告有不稳定感的休闲运动员（6名女性，13名男性；平均年龄：29±7岁）参与了研究。
测量踝关节的自我报告功能、足底皮肤对轻触的检测阈值、单腿站立时的平衡以及踝关节外翻和内翻时的最大等长力量。参与者被随机分配到使用不稳定有纹理表面的训练组、使用不稳定光滑表面的训练组或对照组。在训练六周后及10周随访时重复进行结果测量。组内和组间差异采用方差分析、Friedman检验或Kruskal Wallis检验（p<0.05）以及经Bonferroni校正的事后检验进行分析。对基线测量的结果参数之间的相关性采用Spearman秩相关分析（p<0.05）。
在所有结果测量中未检测到显著的组间差异。然而，使用有纹理表面的训练组在10周后外翻力量有显著增加（p = 0.01）。在所有组训练前，第一跖骨头（MT）的足底检测阈值与内翻力量之间存在中度相关性（r = 0.51，p<0.05）。在所有组基线时，平衡参数与外翻力量之间存在中度负相关性（r = -0.57 - -0.64，p≤0.01），以及与MT V处的足底检测阈值之间存在中度负相关性（r = -0.48 - -
