Skov Olsen P
Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Clin Gastroenterol. 1988;10 Suppl 1:S146-51. doi: 10.1097/00004836-198812001-00022.
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a polypeptide produced in the submandibular glands, Brunner's glands, and the kidneys. The peptide is secreted in an exocrine fashion into saliva, duodenal juice, and urine. EGF stimulates cellular growth and differentiation and inhibits gastric acid secretion. Removal of the submandibular glands decreases the amount of EGF in saliva and gastric juice and subsequently the synthesis of DNA in the gastric mucosa is reduced as well as its resistance to bile-salt-induced gastric lesions. Intragastric instillation of EGF can prevent gastric ulcerations induced by aspirin as well as cysteamine in rats. EGF also accelerates the healing of chronic gastric ulcers induced by acetic acid. Cysteamine is a duodenal ulcerogen in rats. After cysteamine administration, the secretion of EGF from Brunner's glands decreases and the glands become depleted of mucus. Intraduodenal instillation of EGF can partly prevent formation of cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers. Oral administration of EGF can accelerate healing of chronic duodenal ulcers in rats. The beneficial effect of EGF on healing of chronic gastroduodenal ulcers is probably due to the delayed effects of EGF such as stimulation of RNA and DNA synthesis. The protective effects of EGF are probably related to the early actions of the peptide such as activation of cell surface proteins and increased glycosaminoglycan synthesis.
表皮生长因子（EGF）是一种在下颌下腺、十二指肠腺和肾脏中产生的多肽。该肽以外分泌方式分泌到唾液、十二指肠液和尿液中。EGF刺激细胞生长和分化，并抑制胃酸分泌。切除下颌下腺会减少唾液和胃液中EGF的含量，随后胃黏膜中的DNA合成减少，其对胆汁盐诱导的胃部损伤的抵抗力也降低。在大鼠中，胃内滴注EGF可以预防阿司匹林和半胱胺诱导的胃溃疡。EGF还能加速乙酸诱导的慢性胃溃疡的愈合。半胱胺是大鼠十二指肠溃疡的诱发剂。给予半胱胺后，十二指肠腺中EGF的分泌减少，腺体的黏液耗尽。十二指肠内滴注EGF可以部分预防半胱胺诱导的十二指肠溃疡的形成。口服EGF可以加速大鼠慢性十二指肠溃疡的愈合。EGF对慢性胃十二指肠溃疡愈合的有益作用可能归因于EGF的延迟效应，如刺激RNA和DNA合成。EGF的保护作用可能与该肽的早期作用有关，如激活细胞表面蛋白和增加糖胺聚糖合成。
