Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Institute of Infectology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Virus Res. 2019 Feb;261:21-30. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.12.004. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) or koi herpesvirus is a global pathogen causing mass mortality in koi and common carp, against which improved vaccines are urgently needed. In this study we investigated the role of four nonessential, but immunogenic envelope glycoproteins encoded by members of the ORF25 gene family (ORF25, ORF65, ORF148 and ORF149) during CyHV-3 replication. Single deletion of ORF65 did not affect in vitro replication, and deletion of ORF148 even slightly enhanced virus growth on common carp brain (CCB) cells. Deletions of ORF25 or ORF149 led to reduced plaque sizes and virus titers, which was due to delayed entry into host cells. An ORF148/ORF149 double deletion mutant exhibited wild-type like growth indicating opposing functions of the two proteins. Electron microscopy of CCB cells infected with either mutant did not indicate any effects on virion formation and maturation in nucleus or cytoplasm, nor on release of enveloped particles. The ORF148, ORF149 and double deletion mutants were also tested in animal experiments using juvenile carp, and proved to be insufficiently attenuated for use as live virus vaccines. However, surviving fish were protected against challenge with wild-type CyHV-3, demonstrating that these antibody inducing proteins are dispensable for an efficient immune response in vivo.
鲤鱼疱疹病毒 3(CyHV-3)或锦鲤疱疹病毒是一种全球性病原体,可导致锦鲤和鲤鱼大规模死亡,迫切需要改进的疫苗。在这项研究中,我们研究了 ORF25 基因家族成员编码的四个非必需但具有免疫原性的包膜糖蛋白(ORF25、ORF65、ORF148 和 ORF149)在 CyHV-3 复制过程中的作用。ORF65 的单一缺失不影响体外复制,而 ORF148 的缺失甚至略微增强了病毒在鲤鱼脑(CCB)细胞上的生长。ORF25 或 ORF149 的缺失导致斑块大小和病毒滴度降低,这是由于宿主细胞进入延迟所致。ORF148/ORF149 双缺失突变体表现出与野生型相似的生长,表明这两种蛋白具有相反的功能。感染任一种突变体的 CCB 细胞的电子显微镜检查均未表明核或细胞质中对病毒粒子形成和成熟有任何影响,也未表明对包膜颗粒的释放有任何影响。ORF148、ORF149 和双缺失突变体也在使用幼鲤的动物实验中进行了测试,结果表明它们的减毒不足以用作活病毒疫苗。然而,幸存的鱼可以免受野生型 CyHV-3 的挑战,这表明这些抗体诱导蛋白在体内的有效免疫反应中是可有可无的。
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