[The Central Scientific Research Roentgenoradiology Institute of the USSR Ministry of Public Health--70th anniversary (on the history of the Institute)].

The paper is devoted to the history of the organization of the Central Research Roentgenoradiology Institute, USSR Ministry of Health and its 70th anniversary. The great role of the Institute in the organization of Soviet and world roentgenoradiology is emphasized; the main stages of its investigations are described; qualified personnel has been trained over this period. The authors briefly describe the on-going investigations and prospects of their development.