Leone Patrizia, Di Lernia Giuseppe, Solimando Antonio Giovanni, Cicco Sebastiano, Saltarella Ilaria, Lamanuzzi Aurelia, Ria Roberto, Frassanito Maria Antonia, Ponzoni Maurilio, Ditonno Paolo, Dammacco Franco, Racanelli Vito, Vacca Angelo
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.
Pathology Unit & Leukemia Unit, San Raffaele Hospital Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Oncoimmunology. 2018 Oct 22;8(1):e1486949. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2018.1486949. eCollection 2019.
Endothelial cells (EC) line the bone marrow microvasculature and are in close contact with CD8 T cells that come and go across the permeable capillaries. Because of these intimate interactions, we investigated the capacity of EC to act as antigen-presenting cells (APC) and modulate CD8 T cell activation and proliferation in bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. We found that EC from MM patients show a phenotype of semi-professional APC given that they express low levels of the co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80 and CD86, and of the inducible co-stimulator ligand (ICOSL). In addition, they do not undergo the strong switch from immunoproteasome to standard proteasome subunit expression which is typical of mature professional APC such as dendritic cells. EC can trap and present antigen to CD8 T cells, stimulating a central memory CD8 T cell population that expresses Foxp3 and produces high amounts of IL-10 and TGF-β. Another CD8 T cell population is stimulated by professional APC, produces IFN-γ, and exerts antitumor activity. Thus, two distinct CD8 T cell populations coexist in the bone marrow of MM patients: the first population is sustained by EC, expresses Foxp3, produces IL-10 and TGF-β, and exerts pro-tumor activity by negatively regulating the second population. This study adds new insight into the role that EC play in MM biology and describes an additional immune regulatory mechanism that inhibits the development of antitumor immunity and may impair the success of cancer immunotherapy.
内皮细胞(EC)排列在骨髓微血管系统中,与穿过渗透性毛细血管来来去去的CD8 T细胞密切接触。由于存在这些密切的相互作用,我们研究了EC作为抗原呈递细胞(APC)的能力,以及其对多发性骨髓瘤(MM)和意义未明的单克隆丙种球蛋白病患者骨髓中CD8 T细胞活化和增殖的调节作用。我们发现,MM患者的EC表现出半专业APC的表型,因为它们表达低水平的共刺激分子CD40、CD80和CD86,以及诱导性共刺激配体(ICOSL)。此外,它们不会像成熟的专业APC(如树突状细胞)那样,从免疫蛋白酶体向标准蛋白酶体亚基表达发生强烈转变。EC可以捕获抗原并将其呈递给CD8 T细胞,刺激表达Foxp3并产生大量IL-10和TGF-β的中枢记忆CD8 T细胞群体。另一个CD8 T细胞群体则由专业APC刺激,产生IFN-γ,并发挥抗肿瘤活性。因此,MM患者骨髓中存在两种不同的CD8 T细胞群体:第一个群体由EC维持,表达Foxp3,产生IL-10和TGF-β,并通过负调节第二个群体发挥促肿瘤活性。这项研究为EC在MM生物学中的作用提供了新的见解,并描述了一种额外的免疫调节机制,该机制抑制抗肿瘤免疫的发展,并可能损害癌症免疫治疗的成功。
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