Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.
J Aging Health. 2020 Jun/Jul;32(5-6):269-277. doi: 10.1177/0898264318818901. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Examine differences in health care utilization and out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures among older Mexican adults in 2001 and 2012, and identify individual characteristics associated with utilization and expenditures in both years. Data from the 2001 and 2012 cross-sections of the Mexican Health and Aging Study were utilized. Outcomes included nights spent in the hospital, medical/outpatient procedures, and OOP expenditures with these services. Covariates included demographics and comorbidities. Two-part regression models were used to identify covariates associated with utilization and expenditures in each year. The proportion of those who spent at least one night in the hospital or had at least one medical/outpatient visit was higher in 2012 than in 2001, while the proportion of individuals with OOP expenditures decreased between the years. Those with more comorbidities had the highest OOP expenditures in both years. Although the population paying for health care services OOP was lower in 2012, there is persistent inequality in expenditures across population groups.
研究比较了 2001 年和 2012 年墨西哥老年成年人在医疗保健利用和自付费用（OOP）支出方面的差异，并确定了这两年中与利用和支出相关的个体特征。研究数据来自墨西哥健康老龄化研究 2001 年和 2012 年的横断面数据。结果包括住院夜数、医疗/门诊程序以及这些服务的 OOP 支出。协变量包括人口统计学特征和合并症。采用双部分回归模型确定了与每年利用和支出相关的协变量。与 2001 年相比，2012 年至少有一人住院一晚或至少有一人进行了一次医疗/门诊就诊的比例较高，而 OOP 支出的比例在这两年间有所下降。在这两年中，合并症较多的人 OOP 支出最高。尽管 2012 年 OOP 支付医疗保健服务费用的人群比例较低，但不同人群之间的支出仍存在持续的不平等。
