De Simone Silvia, Planta Anna, Bianco Paolo
Dipartimento di Pedagogia, Psicologia, Filosofia, Università di Cagliari, Italia.
G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2018 Dec;40(4):208-216.
Voluntary turnover in the nursing profession is one of the main concerns in hospitals and it requests comprehensive research. This study contributes to explain the reasons related to turnover intention of nurses and provides causes for reflection to improve the working practice.
161 nurses and 13 nursing coordinators, working in the wards of two Italian hospitals, participated in the study. A self-report questionnaire was administered to them in order to analyze the relationship between agentic capacities (self-regulation, anticipation, vicarious learning, self-reflection) and the intentions to leave the ward and the hospital.
The data show a negative association between self-regulation and the desire to leave the ward and the hospital, and a positive association between self-reflection and the intention to leave the ward. The results also show that organizational seniority has a negative effect on intentions to leave the ward and the hospital, while professional seniority has a positive effect only on the intention to leave the hospital. Finally, the nursing coordinators perceive to have a greater ability to manage their own emotional states and behavior, to prefigure future events and to learn from their own experience than nurses.
The study's results suggest actions and interventions to develop self-regulation of the nursing staff to reduce turnover intentions and improve the quality of the service offered taking into account seniority and professional organization.
护理行业的自愿离职是医院主要关注的问题之一，需要进行全面研究。本研究有助于解释护士离职意愿的相关原因，并为改进工作实践提供反思依据。
在意大利两家医院病房工作的161名护士和13名护理协调员参与了该研究。向他们发放了一份自填式问卷，以分析能动能力（自我调节、预期、替代性学习、自我反思）与离开病房及医院的意愿之间的关系。
数据显示自我调节与离开病房及医院的意愿呈负相关，自我反思与离开病房的意愿呈正相关。结果还表明，组织资历对离开病房及医院的意愿有负面影响，而专业资历仅对离开医院的意愿有正面影响。最后，护理协调员认为自己比护士更有能力管理自己的情绪状态和行为、预测未来事件并从自身经验中学习。
研究结果表明，应采取行动和干预措施来培养护理人员的自我调节能力，以降低离职意愿，并在考虑资历和专业组织的情况下提高所提供服务的质量。
