Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Charlotte Auerbach Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK.
Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn TR10 9EZ, UK.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2018 Aug;28:8-12. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.03.007. Epub 2018 Mar 16.
The emergence of family groups is associated with conflict over the allocation of food or other limited resources. Understanding the mechanisms mediating the resolution of such conflict is a major aim in behavioral ecology. Most empirical work on familial conflict has focused on birds. Here, we highlight how recent work on insects provides new and exciting insights into how such conflict is resolved. This work shows that conflict resolution can be more complex than traditionally envisioned, often involving multiple mechanisms. For example, it shows that the resolution of sexual conflict involves a combination of behavioral negotiation, direct assessment of partner's state, and manipulation using anti-aphrodisiacs or prenatal maternal effects. Furthermore, it highlights that there is a shift from the traditional emphasis on conflict (and competition) to a greater emphasis on the balance between conflict on the one hand and cooperation on the other.
家族群体的出现与食物或其他有限资源分配的冲突有关。理解调解这种冲突的机制是行为生态学的主要目标。关于家庭冲突的大多数实证研究都集中在鸟类上。在这里，我们强调了最近关于昆虫的研究如何为解决这种冲突提供了新的令人兴奋的见解。这项工作表明，冲突的解决可能比传统上想象的更为复杂，通常涉及多种机制。例如，它表明，性冲突的解决涉及行为谈判、对伴侣状态的直接评估以及使用抗发情剂或产前母体效应的操纵。此外，它还强调，人们的注意力从传统上对冲突（和竞争）的重视，转向了对冲突与合作之间平衡的更大重视。
