Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety, Queensland, Australia; Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Australia.
Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Public Health and Social Work, Australia; Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Australia.
J Safety Res. 2018 Dec;67:183-188. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2018.10.008. Epub 2018 Oct 19.
Drivers' passing cyclists closely can contribute to crashes, falls, and intimidation, which may discourage cycling. In response, minimum passing distance (MPD) rules have been introduced in many jurisdictions. This study examined the factors associated with non-compliance with a MPD rule.
An online survey of 3,769 drivers in Queensland, Australia was administered 1 year after a MPD rule began. It assessed compliance with and attitudes toward the rule. Linear regression modeling was used to examine which attitudinal and demographic factors were associated with non-compliance.
The percentage of drivers who reported that they did not comply with the road rule "most of the time" or "almost always" was 35.5% in speed zones of ≤60 km/h and 31.8% in speed zones of >60 km/h. Associated with a greater likelihood of being non-compliant were: only infrequently observing motorists giving bicycle riders more distance when overtaking; greater awareness of bicycle riders when driving on the road; disagreeing that the rule had changed the person's driving; agreeing that the rule was making overtaking bicycle riders difficult; disagreeing that the rule had made it safer for bicycle riders; agreeing that it was difficult to judge 1 or 1.5 m when overtaking a bicycle rider; and agreeing that giving 1.5 m clearance in >60 km/h zones to bicycle riders was annoying (p < .05). In high speed zones, drivers aged 18-39 years were more likely than those aged 50+ years to be non-compliant (p < .05). Compliance was not associated with driver sex, amount of driving, or perceived level of enforcement.
Reported non-compliance with the MPD rule is widespread and is related more to attitudinal than demographic factors. Practical applications: Strategies for helping drivers to judge passing distance and improve their understanding of the importance for cyclist safety of leaving an adequate distance are needed.
司机近距离超越自行车可能会导致碰撞、摔倒和恐吓，这可能会阻碍骑行。因此，许多司法管辖区都引入了最小超车距离（MPD）规则。本研究调查了与不遵守 MPD 规则相关的因素。
在澳大利亚昆士兰州，在 MPD 规则实施一年后，对 3769 名司机进行了在线调查。它评估了对规则的遵守情况和态度。线性回归模型用于研究哪些态度和人口统计学因素与不遵守规则有关。
报告“大多数时候”或“几乎总是”不遵守道路规则“不遵守该规则”的司机比例为 35.5%，限速区为≤60km/h，限速区为>60km/h。与不遵守规则的可能性更大相关的因素包括：当超越时，很少观察到驾驶员给自行车骑手更多的距离；在道路上行驶时，对自行车骑手的意识更强；不同意该规则改变了一个人的驾驶方式；认为该规则使超越自行车骑手变得困难；不同意该规则使自行车骑手更安全；认为很难判断在 1 或 1.5 米时超越自行车骑手；并且同意在>60km/h 区域内给自行车骑手 1.5 米的净空距离很烦人（p<.05）。在高速区，年龄在 18-39 岁的司机比年龄在 50 岁以上的司机更有可能不遵守规则（p<.05）。遵守情况与驾驶员性别、驾驶量或感知执法水平无关。
报告的对 MPD 规则的不遵守是广泛存在的，与态度因素比人口统计学因素更为相关。实际应用：需要制定帮助驾驶员判断超车距离并提高其对为自行车手留出足够距离的重要性的理解的策略。
