Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2019 Mar-Apr;81:129-135. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2018.12.005. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Recent findings suggest that the belief-as-benefit effect (BABE) - the positive association between religiosity and health/well-being - is a spurious correlation voided by personality traits. The current paper investigates the cross-sectional relationships among personality, religiosity and psychological well-being in an older adult sample randomly-selected from Tokyo, Japan. Correlation and Hierarchical Regression Modelling (HRM)-with a two one-sided test (TOST) of equivalence-is utilized. The standard BABE correlation is reproduced. However, HRM utilizing a meaningful benchmark of effect (β ≥ .15) largely neuters the result after controlling for trait agreeableness and conscientiousness. Religiosity does remain statistically related to the purpose in life and positive relationships sub-scales; though it explains just a sliver of variance in both instances. Compared to religiosity, agreeableness, conscientiousness and education level were more substantial and consistent well-being predictors. Whether religiosity auspices the psychological health of older Japanese adults thus remains to be established.
最近的研究结果表明，信仰效益效应（BABE）——宗教信仰与健康/幸福感之间的正相关关系——是一种虚假关联，被人格特质所否定。本研究在日本东京的一个老年人群体中，调查了人格、宗教信仰和心理幸福感之间的横断面关系。采用了相关性和层次回归模型（HRM）——以及等效的双边检验（TOST）。复制了标准的 BABE 相关性。然而，在控制了特质宜人性和尽责性之后，利用有意义的效应基准（β≥0.15）的 HRM 很大程度上削弱了结果。宗教信仰仍然与生活目标和积极关系子量表呈统计学相关；尽管在这两种情况下，它只解释了很小的方差。与宗教信仰相比，宜人性、尽责性和教育水平是更重要和一致的幸福感预测因素。因此，宗教信仰是否能促进日本老年成年人的心理健康仍有待确定。
