a Department of Education, Psychology, Communication , University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari , Italy.
b Department of Computer Science , University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari , Italy.
Memory. 2019 May;27(5):660-672. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2018.1551493. Epub 2018 Dec 15.
We examined the relationship between psychopathic traits and autobiographical memory (AM) for emotional life experiences in both a community (Study 1) and forensic sample (Study 2). Considering that psychopathy is traditionally linked to an impairment in the processing of emotion, we hypothesised an emotional deficit of AM in individuals with high levels of psychopathic traits. Participants in both samples were asked to recall an emotionally charged event, and were then administered the Psychopathic Personality Inventory-Revised, the Flashbulb Memory Checklist, and the Autobiographical Memory Characteristics Questionnaire. A linguistic content analysis was applied to inmates' memory transcriptions (Study 2). Only in the forensic sample, was self-centered impulsivity found to be positively related to the linguistic use of mood terms, and negatively related to the linguistic use of cognitive labels. Furthermore, high levels of fearless dominance were associated to a low emotional attribution to the event and its implications, and highly confident and coherent memory. Lastly, coldheartedness was the psychopathic trait most associated to a deficit in emotional AM, in terms of a lack of hedonic labels and contextual details, a poor emotional evaluation of the event and its implications. The current results encourage further investigation concerning AM in psychopathic traits.
我们考察了精神病态特征与自传体记忆（AM）之间的关系，研究对象分别为社区人群（研究 1）和法医学样本（研究 2）。考虑到精神病态通常与情绪处理障碍有关，我们假设高精神病态特征个体的 AM 存在情绪缺陷。两个样本中的参与者都被要求回忆一件情绪激动的事件，然后对他们进行精神病态人格量表修订版、闪光灯记忆清单和自传体记忆特征问卷的测试。对囚犯的记忆转录本进行了语言内容分析（研究 2）。仅在法医样本中，自我中心冲动性与情绪术语的语言使用呈正相关，与认知标签的语言使用呈负相关。此外，无畏支配水平高与对事件及其影响的低情绪归因以及高度自信和连贯的记忆有关。最后，冷酷无情是与 AM 中情绪缺陷最相关的精神病态特征，表现在缺乏愉悦标签和上下文细节、对事件及其影响的情绪评估较差。目前的结果鼓励进一步研究精神病态特征中的 AM。
