Department of Epidemiology.
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan.
J Hypertens. 2019 Jun;37(6):1239-1243. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000002016.
Overweight/obesity in childhood is suggested to increase risk of hypertension later in life. However, few studies have assessed the effect of trajectories of weight status from childhood to adulthood on adult hypertension. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between weight status change from childhood to early adulthood and adult hypertension in the Chinese population.
Data were from the China Health and Nutrition Survey cohort study including 2095 participants who had at least one measurement of BMI and blood pressure (BP) in childhood (6-17 years) and in early adulthood (aged 18-37 years) between 1991 and 2011. Poisson regression model was used to assess the effect of weight status change from childhood to early adulthood on risk of adult hypertension.
There were 235 participants (11.2%) with high BP in childhood and 114 participants (5.4%) with hypertension in early adulthood after a median follow-up of 11.0 years. Compared with normal weight in both childhood and early adulthood (n = 1604), relative risk (RR) of adult hypertension was 3.79 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.94-7.41] for overweight/obesity in both childhood and early adulthood (n = 79), and 3.75 (95% CI = 2.49-5.64) for normal weight in childhood but overweight/obesity in early adulthood (n = 301). In contrast, participants who were overweight/obese as children but had normal weight as adults (n = 111) had no increased risk of adult hypertension (RR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.33-3.40).
Overweight/obesity in early adulthood was associated with adult hypertension irrespective of weight status in childhood. In contrast, the risk of adult hypertension could be reversed if overweight/obese children become normal weight adults.
儿童期超重/肥胖被认为会增加成年后患高血压的风险。然而，很少有研究评估从儿童期到成年期体重状况的轨迹对成人高血压的影响。本研究旨在评估中国人群中从儿童期到成年早期体重状况变化与成人高血压之间的关系。
数据来自中国健康与营养调查队列研究，该研究包括 2095 名参与者，他们在 1991 年至 2011 年期间至少有一次儿童期（6-17 岁）和成年早期（18-37 岁）的 BMI 和血压（BP）测量值。使用泊松回归模型评估从儿童期到成年早期体重状况变化对成人高血压风险的影响。
在中位随访 11.0 年后，有 235 名参与者（11.2%）在儿童期患有高血压，114 名参与者（5.4%）在成年早期患有高血压。与儿童期和成年早期均为正常体重的参与者（n=1604）相比，儿童期和成年早期均超重/肥胖的参与者（n=79）发生成人高血压的相对风险（RR）为 3.79（95%置信区间[CI]：1.94-7.41），儿童期正常体重但成年早期超重/肥胖的参与者（n=301）RR 为 3.75（95%CI：2.49-5.64）。相反，儿童期超重/肥胖但成年期正常体重的参与者（n=111）发生成人高血压的风险没有增加（RR=1.05，95%CI：0.33-3.40）。
成年早期超重/肥胖与成人高血压相关，无论儿童期的体重状况如何。相反，如果超重/肥胖的儿童成年后体重正常，则可能逆转成人高血压的风险。
