Morishita Hideaki, Mizushima Noboru
Nihon Rinsho. 2016 Sep;74(9):1461-1466.
Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system via lysosomes that suppresses accumu- lation of abnormal proteins and organelles and maintains cellular homeostasis. Genetic in- hibition of autophagy in mice leads to a variety of ageing-related diseases including neuro- degenerative diseases, and dysfunctional autophagy has been reported in physiologically aged cells and tissues. Autophagy is activated in several long-lived model organisms and contrib- utes to their longevity. This evidence suggests that autophagy has potent anti-ageing prop- erties. Here we review the current progress in understanding the mechanism and function of autophagy, and outline recent developments in support of connections between autophagy and anti-ageing.
自噬是一种通过溶酶体进行的细胞内降解系统,可抑制异常蛋白质和细胞器的积累并维持细胞内稳态。对小鼠自噬进行基因抑制会导致包括神经退行性疾病在内的多种与衰老相关的疾病,并且在生理衰老的细胞和组织中也已报道了自噬功能失调的情况。自噬在几种长寿模式生物中被激活,并对它们的长寿有贡献。这些证据表明自噬具有强大的抗衰老特性。在此,我们综述了目前在理解自噬机制和功能方面的进展,并概述了支持自噬与抗衰老之间联系的最新进展。