Pleto John Vincent R, Arboleda Mark Dondi M, Simbahan Jessica F, Migo Veronica P
Environmental Biology Division, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Philippines.
School of Environmental Science and Management, University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Philippines.
J Health Pollut. 2018 Dec 3;8(20):181205. doi: 10.5696/2156-9614-8.20.181205. eCollection 2018 Dec.
Water quality in the Marilao-Meycauayan-Obando river system (MMORS) of Bulacan, the Philippines, is of great concern due to the pollution load from local industries. The river system is currently used as a source of water for the aquaculture industry in Bulacan.
In order to address organic and heavy metal pollution, several remediation strategies were tested in aquaculture ponds along the river system. Strategies such as phytoremediation (vetiver grass pontoons), application of probiotics and zeolite (with filtration as pre-treatment) were utilized in ponds to decrease or remove toxic pollutants in water and sediments.
Two sites were chosen as the pilot remediation sites - ponds in Barangay Nagbalon, Marilao and Barangay Liputan, Meycauayan, Bulacan. Pond bottom preparation was done to improve the condition of the pond bottom sediments before stocking by adding zeolite. Physicochemical parameters of water such as dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, pH, salinity, ammonia, phosphate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were monitored throughout the culture period. Heavy metals in sediments and fish were monitored. Fish parameters such as average body weight and feed conversion ratio were determined.
The DO levels were below recommended levels in the morning and reached a supersaturated level in the afternoon. Ammonia and COD levels were above recommended limits. A decreasing trend was observed for ammonia levels in treatment ponds. In terms of the growth of milkfish, the pond with probiotics showed the highest growth and better feed conversion ratio in Nagbalon and in the phytoremediation pond in Liputan. Percentage survival of milkfish was much higher at Liputan. Copper, chromium, lead and manganese were detected in pond sediments. After application of zeolite, there was a decrease in lead levels throughout the culture period.
The different remediation studies were compared in terms of cost, effectivity and application and phytoremediation (vetiver grass pontoons) was determined to be the most cost-effective remediation strategy.
The authors declare no competing financial interests.
由于当地工业的污染负荷，菲律宾布拉干省马里劳-梅考阿扬-奥万多河系（MMORS）的水质备受关注。该河系目前是布拉干省水产养殖业的水源。
为解决有机和重金属污染问题，在该河系沿岸的水产养殖池塘中测试了几种修复策略。诸如植物修复（香根草浮筒）、益生菌和沸石的应用（以过滤作为预处理）等策略被用于池塘，以减少或去除水和沉积物中的有毒污染物。
选择了两个地点作为试点修复地点——马里劳市纳格巴隆村和梅考阿扬市利普坦村的池塘。在放养前通过添加沸石对池塘底部进行处理，以改善池塘底部沉积物的状况。在整个养殖期间监测水的物理化学参数，如溶解氧（DO）、温度、pH值、盐度、氨、磷酸盐、生化需氧量（BOD）和化学需氧量（COD）。监测沉积物和鱼类中的重金属。测定鱼类参数，如平均体重和饲料转化率。
溶解氧水平在早晨低于推荐水平，下午达到过饱和水平。氨和化学需氧量水平高于推荐限值。处理池塘中的氨水平呈下降趋势。就遮目鱼的生长而言，添加益生菌的池塘在纳格巴隆村以及利普坦村的植物修复池塘中显示出最高的生长速度和更好的饲料转化率。遮目鱼在利普坦村的存活率要高得多。在池塘沉积物中检测到铜、铬、铅和锰。施用沸石后，整个养殖期间铅含量有所下降。
从成本、有效性和应用方面对不同的修复研究进行了比较，确定植物修复（香根草浮筒）是最具成本效益的修复策略。
作者声明不存在相互竞争的财务利益。
