Deister Arno
Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Klinikum Itzehoe, Robert-Koch-Str. 2, 25524, Itzehoe, Deutschland.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2019 Feb;62(2):150-155. doi: 10.1007/s00103-018-2864-2.
Mental illnesses regularly impair participation in social life. Therefore it is from a therapeutic point of view very important to offer community-based therapy focused to individual needs. The psychiatric treatment system in Germany, which is currently highly fragmented, must be modified in the sense of a functionally networked structure.Various control aspects are of particular importance. In terms of regional care, there are different care models in Germany. The focus is on "regional budgets", which are implemented in 19 regions in Germany. In addition, there are care approaches in the form of "stepped care," "home treatment," and "assertive community treatment."It turns out that new care structures based on regional framework conditions and new provision of care in psychiatry and psychotherapy are suitable for offering treatment measures tailored to individual needs. Due to the principle of regional responsibility, a reorientation to a more ambulant psychiatric and psychotherapeutic care that supports participation in life can be achieved.
精神疾病常常会妨碍人们参与社会生活。因此，从治疗角度来看，提供以个体需求为导向的社区治疗非常重要。德国目前高度分散的精神治疗体系必须朝着功能网络化结构的方向进行调整。各种控制方面尤为重要。在区域护理方面，德国存在不同的护理模式。重点是“区域预算”，在德国的19个地区实施。此外，还有“分级护理”、“家庭治疗”和“积极社区治疗”等护理方式。事实证明，基于区域框架条件的新护理结构以及精神病学和心理治疗方面新的护理提供方式，适合提供针对个体需求的治疗措施。由于区域责任原则，可以实现向更支持生活参与的门诊精神科和心理治疗护理的重新定位。
