Orthopaedic manifestations of Goldenhar syndrome.

Goldenhar syndrome-hemifacial microsomia has been studied extensively with regard to its typical asymmetric craniofacial manifestations but little attention has been paid to its orthopaedic findings. The cases of 23 patients with this syndrome were reviewed in conjunction with a review of the literature. Associated orthopedic abnormalities included mainly spinal anomalies, clubfoot, congenital dislocation of the hip, Sprengel's deformity, and radial limb defects.