Fireman P
Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pa.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1988 Nov;82(5 Pt 2):917-26. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(88)90034-6.
Otitis media with effusion (OME) is common in children, although it can occur at any age. Allergies probably contribute to the development of OME, with other major risk factors being bacterial infection and eustachian tube obstruction (ETO). We have demonstrated that patients with allergic rhinitis often develop ETO when challenged with allergens; therefore, ETO could be a link between OME and allergies. Nasal obstruction and ETO in allergic rhinitis can be alleviated or attenuated by pretreatment with intranasal corticosteroids. Therapy for allergic rhinitis complicated by OME includes treatment of the ear infection with antibiotics and the relief of allergic symptoms with antiallergy medications, including antihistamines, intranasal cromolyn, and intranasal corticosteroids, as well as environmental control and appropriate immunotherapy.
分泌性中耳炎（OME）在儿童中很常见，不过任何年龄都可能发生。过敏可能促使OME的发展，其他主要危险因素是细菌感染和咽鼓管阻塞（ETO）。我们已经证明，过敏性鼻炎患者在接触过敏原时常常会发生ETO；因此，ETO可能是OME与过敏之间的一个关联环节。过敏性鼻炎中的鼻塞和ETO可以通过鼻内使用皮质类固醇进行预处理来缓解或减轻。OME合并过敏性鼻炎的治疗包括用抗生素治疗耳部感染，并用抗组胺药、鼻内色甘酸钠和鼻内皮质类固醇等抗过敏药物缓解过敏症状，以及环境控制和适当的免疫疗法。
