人类非洲锥虫病（昏睡病）

Human African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)

作者信息

Hollingshead Caitlyn M., Bermudez Rene

机构信息

The University of Toledo

Sampson Regional Medical Center

Abstract

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), or African sleeping sickness, is a potentially life-threatening infectious illness caused by the protozoans () or (transmitted by the tsetse fly (see . Vector and Organism of Human African Trypanosomiasis). This disease is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa but can be seen outside of endemic areas among travelers. These parasites produce illnesses with different clinical and epidemiological characteristics. East African HAT is caused by West African HAT is caused by Both conditions have hemolymphatic and meningoencephalitic stages. HAT is considered a neglected tropical disease and is a significant public health threat in rural Africa.

摘要

人类非洲锥虫病（HAT），即非洲昏睡病，是一种由原生动物布氏冈比亚锥虫或布氏罗得西亚锥虫（由采采蝇传播，见人类非洲锥虫病的传播媒介和病原体）引起的潜在威胁生命的传染病。这种疾病在撒哈拉以南非洲地区流行，但在流行地区以外的旅行者中也可见到。这些寄生虫会引发具有不同临床和流行病学特征的疾病。东非昏睡病由布氏罗得西亚锥虫引起，西非昏睡病由布氏冈比亚锥虫引起。两种情况都有血液淋巴期和脑膜脑炎期。昏睡病被认为是一种被忽视的热带病，对非洲农村地区的公共卫生构成重大威胁。