Irenso Asnake Ararsa, Atomsa Gudina Egata
School of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Food Nutr Res. 2018 Nov 1;62. doi: 10.29219/fnr.v62.1574. eCollection 2018.
Poor nutritional status of women remains a critical problem in Ethiopia. Nutrition for women matters not only for the public health relevance of breaking the intergenerational cycle of malnutrition but for its high return in other sectors such as education and health. The Ethiopian Productive Safety Net Programme (PSNP) is a program that protects chronically food-insecure households against food insecurity through cash or food transfer. However, its effect on food access and women's body mass index (BMI) has remained unexplored.
This study was intended to assess differences in household dietary diversity (HDD) and women's BMI and associated factors among PSNP and non-PSNP households.
This community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in the Kombolcha District of Eastern Ethiopia from July 1 to 28, 2015. HDD and women's BMI were compared. Ordinal logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with women's BMI.
The prevalence of undernutrition was 27.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 23.8-30.9) and 20.2% (95% CI: 17.1-23.5) for women from PSNP and non-PSNP households, respectively. PSNP membership had a significant effect on HDD and minimal effect on women's BMI. Ordinal logistic regression yielded significant associations for medium wealth status, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.533 (95% CI: 0.339-0.837), uptake of better health care services compared to previous year with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.647 (95% CI: 0.429-0.974) and reduction in selling assets for the sake of buying food with an OR of 1.575 (95% CI: 1.057-2.349).
There was high magnitude of chronic energy deficiency among PSNP and non-PSNP households, at 27.3 and 20.2%, respectively, and it was associated with economic status and health care utilization, suggesting the need to promote profitable income-generating activities and nudging for minimum health care as a condition for transfer.
在埃塞俄比亚，妇女营养不良状况仍然是一个严峻问题。妇女营养不仅关乎打破营养不良代际循环的公共卫生意义，还关乎其在教育和卫生等其他领域的高回报。埃塞俄比亚生产性安全网计划（PSNP）是一项通过现金或食品转移来保护长期粮食不安全家庭免受粮食不安全影响的计划。然而，其对粮食获取和妇女体重指数（BMI）的影响尚未得到探索。
本研究旨在评估PSNP家庭和非PSNP家庭在家庭饮食多样性（HDD）、妇女BMI及相关因素方面的差异。
2015年7月1日至28日，在埃塞俄比亚东部的科姆博尔查区开展了这项基于社区的横断面研究。比较了HDD和妇女BMI。采用有序逻辑回归来确定与妇女BMI相关的因素。
PSNP家庭和非PSNP家庭妇女的营养不良患病率分别为27.3%（95%置信区间[CI]：23.8 - 30.9）和20.2%（95%CI：17.1 - 23.5）。PSNP成员身份对HDD有显著影响，对妇女BMI影响最小。有序逻辑回归显示中等财富状况存在显著关联，优势比（OR）为0.533（95%CI：0.339 - 0.837），与上一年相比使用了更好的医疗服务，优势比（OR）为0.647（95%CI：0.429 - 0.974），以及为购买食物而出售资产减少，优势比为1.575（95%CI：1.057 - 2.349）。
PSNP家庭和非PSNP家庭中慢性能量缺乏程度较高，分别为27.3%和20.2%，且与经济状况和医疗服务利用有关，这表明需要促进盈利性创收活动，并推动将最低限度医疗服务作为转移条件。
