Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)-CONICET, P.O. Box 131, ZC5500, Mendoza, Argentina.
J Hazard Mater. 2019 Mar 15;366:582-591. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.032. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Potential harmful effects of spent coffee grounds (SCGs)-derived biochar on earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) were investigated through two complementary experiments, which assessed the avoidance response of earthworms to biochar-amended soils (experiment 1), and the response of oxidative stress biomarkers and digestive enzymes (experiment 2). The main results were: 1) the highest dose of biochar (5% w/w) caused a significant avoidance response of earthworms (75% individuals avoided these treated soils after 48 h); 2) signs of oxidative stress were early detected in earthworms exposed to biochar (1 and 5% w/w) as indicated by the integrated biological response index; 3) earthworms exposed to biochar-amended soils for 30 d experienced a significant increase of digestive enzyme activities measured in both the gastrointestinal tissue and the luminal content; 4) interaction between earthworms and biochar led to a higher soil extracellular enzyme activities in the 1% biochar treatment than that of control and 5% biochar treatments. These findings suggest that the joint application of SCG-biochar and L. terrestris is a workable approach for improving soil quality in terms of soil biochemical promotion, although earthworms may develop some physiological mechanisms of biochar tolerance (antioxidant defenses).
研究了废咖啡渣（SCG）衍生生物炭对蚯蚓（Lumbricus terrestris）的潜在有害影响，通过两项互补实验进行了评估，即蚯蚓对生物炭改良土壤的回避反应（实验 1），以及氧化应激生物标志物和消化酶的反应（实验 2）。主要结果如下：1）生物炭的最高剂量（5%w/w）导致蚯蚓出现明显的回避反应（48 小时后，75%的个体回避这些处理过的土壤）；2）生物炭（1%和 5%w/w）暴露的蚯蚓早期出现氧化应激迹象，如综合生物反应指数所示；3）蚯蚓在生物炭改良土壤中暴露 30 天，胃肠道组织和肠道内容物中测量的消化酶活性显著增加；4）蚯蚓与生物炭相互作用导致 1%生物炭处理的土壤细胞外酶活性高于对照和 5%生物炭处理。这些发现表明，联合应用 SCG 生物炭和 L. terrestris 是一种可行的方法，可以在促进土壤生化方面改善土壤质量，尽管蚯蚓可能会发展出一些生物炭耐受的生理机制（抗氧化防御）。
