Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, CxP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil.
Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, CxP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Mar 10;655:1197-1206. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.319. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
We assess whether a Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) programme met its objectives of reducing soil erosion and yielding water in an environmental protected area, the Guariroba River Basin, Midwestern Brazil. We measured rainfall and water discharge throughout 2012 and 2016. During the same period, soil and water conservation practices were performed in the basin, such as: building level terraces and riparian vegetation recovery. We separated streamflow into baseflow and direct runoff, then we evaluted the baseflow index that indicated that groundwater significantly contributes to total flow. Therefore, to investigate the effects on streamflow, we performed a trend analysis in the baseflow time series using the Mann-Kendall test. In addition, we analysed the efficiency of soil erosion regulation practices over time, considering the total payment and the trends found in the baseflow. Whereas precipitation records present a decreasing trend (1 mm month), baseflow tends to increase by 0.018 m s in the same period. Our findings show that soil conservation practices performed in the basin increase baseflow and also provide a better resilience to endure extreme events such as drought based on an increase in forest areas and soil conservation practices such as level terrace.
我们评估了巴西中西部瓜里罗巴河流域的一项生态系统服务付费（PES）计划是否实现了减少土壤侵蚀和产生水资源的目标。我们在 2012 年和 2016 年期间测量了降雨量和径流量。在此期间，流域内实施了水土保持措施，如：修建水平梯田和河岸植被恢复。我们将径流量分为基流和直接径流，然后评估了基流指数，该指数表明地下水对总流量有重要贡献。因此，为了研究对径流量的影响，我们使用曼恩-肯德尔检验对基流时间序列进行了趋势分析。此外，我们还考虑了总支付额和基流中发现的趋势，分析了土壤侵蚀调节措施的效率随时间的变化。尽管降水记录呈下降趋势（每月 1 毫米），但同期基流趋势增加了 0.018 米/秒。我们的研究结果表明，流域内实施的水土保持措施增加了基流，并且基于森林面积的增加和水平梯田等水土保持措施，为抵御干旱等极端事件提供了更好的弹性。
