Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, China; Graduate School of Design, Kyushu University, Japan.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, China.
Accid Anal Prev. 2019 Feb;123:336-340. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.12.011. Epub 2018 Dec 20.
Long waiting time at red light leads to negative experiences and red-light running behaviors. To shorten pedestrians' experienced waiting time, this study explores how the tempo and pitch in audible pedestrian signals influence time estimation. In a simulated task of waiting at the red light, we compared pedestrians' estimation of waiting time for three durations (30 s, 45 s, 60 s) while the tempo (40 bpm, 60 bpm, 120 bpm, bpm as the number of beats per minute) and pitch (175 Hz, 350 Hz, 700 Hz) of the tone were manipulated. The results show that pedestrians' estimations of waiting time decreased with decreasing tempo in the audible signal, but did not differ significantly across different pitches. To verify the effect of tempo on time estimation in real crossing scenario, we interviewed 217 pedestrians randomly selected at six sites on their waiting time at different tempos. The tempo can still predict pedestrians' time estimation. The findings have implications for auditory signal design of traffic lights.
红灯等待时间长会导致负面体验和闯红灯行为。为了缩短行人的等待时间，本研究探讨了听觉行人信号的节奏和音高如何影响时间估计。在模拟的红灯等待任务中，我们比较了行人对三种持续时间（30 秒、45 秒、60 秒）的等待时间估计，同时改变了音调的节奏（40 bpm、60 bpm、120 bpm，bpm 是每分钟节拍数）和音高（175 Hz、350 Hz、700 Hz）。结果表明，随着听觉信号中节奏的降低，行人对等待时间的估计也随之降低，但在不同音高之间没有显著差异。为了验证节奏对实际穿越场景中时间估计的影响，我们在六个地点随机采访了 217 名行人，询问他们在不同节奏下的等待时间。结果表明，节奏仍然可以预测行人的时间估计。这些发现对交通信号灯的听觉信号设计具有启示意义。
