Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor St. W., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1V4, Canada.
Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor St. W., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1V4, Canada.
Child Abuse Negl. 2019 Feb;88:389-399. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.12.012. Epub 2018 Dec 21.
Child sexual abuse (CSA) rates have been declining since the 1990s (Dunne et al., 2003; Finkelhor & Jones, 2004, 2012; Jones et al., 2001). Discrepancies in contexts and measures complicate comparing CSA rates across jurisdictions and studies, and there is limited literature about trends in CSA in Canada.
Using data from the Ontario Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect (OIS), the only source of provincially aggregated data in Ontario, Canada, that describes child welfare investigations, this paper provides information on reported and investigated CSA over the past 20 years.
The OIS uses a file review methodology; information is collected directly from investigating child welfare workers.
A sample of child welfare agencies is selected for the study, and data are collected over a three-month period. Weights are applied to produce annual provincial estimates.
The rates of investigated CSA in Ontario decreased between 1993 and 2013, from 5.20 (95% CI [3.94, 6.47]) to 1.81 (95% CI [0.97, 2.66]) children per 1000. During this time, the rate of all child maltreatment-related investigations doubled, from 21.41 (95% CI [18.38, 24.42]) to 53.32 ([29.61, 77.03]) children per 1000.
Unlike other forms of child maltreatment, the incidence of investigated CSA in Ontario declined since 1993. Substantiation rates for CSA investigations decreased more dramatically than the rate of all CSA investigations, which could indicate a true decline in rate or an inability to accurately identify cases of CSA.
自 20 世纪 90 年代以来，儿童性虐待（CSA）的发生率一直在下降（Dunne 等人，2003 年；Finkelhor 和 Jones，2004 年，2012 年；Jones 等人，2001 年）。不同司法管辖区和研究之间的背景和措施存在差异，使得比较 CSA 发生率变得复杂，而且关于加拿大 CSA 趋势的文献有限。
利用安大略省报告儿童虐待和忽视发生率研究（OIS）的数据，这是加拿大安大略省唯一的省级综合数据来源，描述了儿童福利调查，本文提供了过去 20 年报告和调查 CSA 的信息。
OIS 使用文件审查方法；信息直接从调查儿童福利工作者收集。
选择儿童福利机构的样本进行研究，并在三个月的时间内收集数据。应用权重以产生年度省级估计数。
1993 年至 2013 年，安大略省调查 CSA 的发生率从每 1000 名儿童 5.20（95%置信区间[3.94，6.47]）下降到 1.81（95%置信区间[0.97，2.66]）。在此期间，所有与儿童虐待相关的调查率翻了一番，从每 1000 名儿童 21.41（95%置信区间[18.38，24.42]）增加到 53.32（[29.61，77.03]）。
与其他形式的儿童虐待不同，安大略省调查 CSA 的发生率自 1993 年以来有所下降。CSA 调查的证实率比所有 CSA 调查的发生率下降得更为明显，这可能表明发生率确实下降，也可能表明无法准确识别 CSA 病例。
